2014–2018年南平市人体肠道寄生虫病监测结果分析

目的　了解2014–2018年南平市人体肠道寄生虫病流行状况，为后续防治措施的制定提供参考。方法　2014–2018年以二阶段整群抽样法在南平市抽取调查村，每县（市、区）每年监测5个村。以改良加藤厚涂片法（1粪2检）检测调查村居民肠道寄生虫感染情况，钩虫卵阳性者进一步鉴别虫种；对3 ~ 6岁儿童以透明胶纸肛拭法镜检蛲虫卵。结果　 2014–2018年南平市共调查6 317人，人体肠道寄生虫总感染率为2.15%，各年份总感染率间差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 10.53，P < 0.05）。男、女性人体肠道寄生虫感染率分别为2.94%和1.43%，差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 17.00，P < 0.01）；随着年龄增加，人体肠道寄生虫感染率逐渐上升，各年龄组村民肠道寄生虫感染率间差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 102.62，P < 0.01）。检查3 ~ 6周岁儿童945人，蛲虫感染率为3.28%。结论　2014–2018年南平市人体肠道寄生虫感染率处于历史低流行水平，且感染人群以高龄、低教育程度为主；后续应采取综合防控措施以进一步控制重点人群人体肠道寄生虫感染。

Surveillance of human intestinal parasitic diseases in Nanping City from 2014 to 2018

Objective　To investigate the status of human intestinal parasitic diseases in Nanping City from 2014 to 2018, so as to provide reference for the development of the effective control measures. Methods　Administrative villages were selected using the two?stage cluster sampling in Nanping City from 2014 to 2018, and surveillance of human intestinal parasitic diseases was performed in 5 administrative villages in each county (district) of Nanping City. Intestinal parasitic infections were detected using a modified Kato?Katz thick smear method (two smears for a single stool sample) in villagers, and the hookworm species was differentiated. In addition, the eggs of Enterobius vermicularis were detected using the adhesive tape method in children aged 3 to 6 years. Results　A total of 6 317 villagers were detected in Nanping City from 2014 to 2018, and the overall prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections was 2.15%. There was year? ([χ2] = 10.53, P < 0.05) and gender?specific prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections in Nanping City during the study period ([χ2] = 17.00, P < 0.01). The prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections increased with age, and there was age?specific prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections in Nanping City ([χ2] = 102.62, P < 0.01). A total of 945 children at ages of 3 to 6 years were detected, and the prevalence of E. vermicularis infection was 3.28%. Conclusions　The prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections is at a low level in Nanping City from 2014 to 2018, and the infection mainly occurs in villagers of advanced age and low education levels. Further comprehensive measures are required to control intestinal parasitic infections in key populations.