安徽省阜阳市HIV/AIDS患者人芽囊原虫感染 流行特征及危险因素

目的　调查安徽省阜阳市HIV/AIDS患者人芽囊原虫感染情况及其危险因素。方法　2016年采用横断面调查方法对安徽省阜阳市HIV/AIDS感染者进行问卷调查，收集调查对象一般人口学信息、社会经济状况、生产生活方式信息。采集调查对象粪便，通过PCR方法检测粪便基因组中人芽囊原虫DNA以判定感染状况；同时采集调查对象血液，检测其中CD4+T淋巴细胞数量和HIV病毒载量。采用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析对HIV/AIDS患者人芽囊原虫感染的危险因素进行分析。结果　本研究共招募398名HIV/AIDS病例，平均年龄为49.3岁、平均体重为55.9 kg、平均身高为164.4 cm。人芽囊原虫感染率为6.78%，不同性别（χ2] = 1.589，P = 0.207）、受教育程度（χ2] = 0.508，P = 0.776）、婚姻（χ2] = 0.419，P = 0.811）和职业（χ2] = 2.744，P = 0.615）患者感染率差异均无统计学意义。人芽囊原虫感染者和非感染者年龄（t = 0.370，P = 0.712）、身高（t = 1.587，P = 0.113）、体重（t = 0.516，P = 0.606）、CD4+ T淋巴细胞数量（t = 1.187，P = 0.230）和HIV病毒载量（t = 0.193，P = 0.496）差异均无统计学意义。饮用非自来水OR = 6.554， 95% CI：（1.876，22.903）]和养狗OR = 5.895，95% CI：（2.017，17.225）]是HIV/AIDS患者感染人芽囊原虫的危险因素。结论　安徽省阜阳市HIV/AIDS患者人芽囊原虫感染率较高，饮用非自来水和养狗是该人群人芽囊原虫感染的危险因素。

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infection among patients with HIV/AIDS in Fuyang City,Anhui Province

Objective　To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infections among patients with HIV/AIDS in Fuyang City, Anhui Province. Methods　A cross?sectional study was conducted in Fuyang City, Anhui Province in 2016. The demographic and socioeconomic status, and the lifestyle and production style were collected using a questionnaire survey. B. hominis DNA was detected in subjects’ stool samples using a PCR assay, and the CD4+ T lymphocyte count and HIV viral load were measured in the subjects’ blood samples. The risk factors of B. hominis infections among patients with HIV/AIDS were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results　A total of 398 HIV/AIDS patients were enrolled in this study, with a mean age of 49.3 years, a mean body weight of 55.9 kg and a mean height of 164.4 cm. The prevalence of B. hominis infection was 6.78% in the study subjects, and no gender? (χ2] = 1.589, P = 0.207), education level? (χ2] = 0.508, P = 0.776), marital status? (χ2] = 0.419, P = 0.811) or occupation?specific prevalence (χ2] = 2.744, P = 0.615) was detected. Among the patients with HIV/AIDS, there were no significant differences in the age (t = 0.370, P = 0.712), height (t = 1.587, P = 0.113), body weight (t = 0.516, P = 0.606), CD4+ T lymphocyte count (t = 1.187, P = 0.230) or HIV viral load (t = 0.193, P = 0.496) between B. hominis?infected and uninfected individuals. Dinking non?tap water OR = 6.554, 95% CI: (1.876 to 22.903)] and keeping dogs OR = 5.895, 95% CI: (2.017 to 17.225)] were identified as risk factors for B. hominis infection in patients with HIV/AIDS. Conclusion　The prevalence of B. hominis infection is high in HIV/AIDS patients, and drinking non?tap water and keeping dogs are risk factors for B. hominis infection among HIV/AIDS patients.