旋毛虫成虫排泄?分泌蛋白对卵清蛋白诱导的小鼠变应性鼻炎的保护作用

目的　探讨旋毛虫成虫排泄?分泌蛋白（Adult?worm excretory?secretory protein, AES）对卵清蛋白（Ovalbumin, OVA）诱导的小鼠变应性鼻炎的保护作用。方法　18只雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分为3组：A组为空白对照组，B组为变应性鼻炎组，C组为AES治疗组。A组小鼠给予PBS；B组小鼠经腹腔注射抗原佐剂混悬液进行基础致敏，隔日1次，共7次，后以5% OVA溶液滴鼻进行局部激发，每日1次，共7次，诱导建立变应性鼻炎模型；C组小鼠在诱导变应性鼻炎基础上，于基础致敏和局部激发时分别加入25 μg AES进行干预。末次激发后观察各组小鼠30 min，并进行行为学评分；采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测小鼠血清中IFN?γ、IL?4、IL?5、IL?10及TGF?β水平变化，HE染色后镜下观察小鼠鼻黏膜病理改变。结果　3组小鼠行为学评分差异有统计学意义（F = 110.12, P < 0.01）；B组小鼠行为学评分显著高于A组（7.17 ± 0.75）分和（1.33 ± 0.52）分，P < 0.01]，且鼻黏膜病理损伤更为显著；经AES治疗后，C组小鼠行为学评分（3.83 ± 0.75）分]显著下降（P < 0.01），鼻黏膜病理损伤亦显著缓解。3组小鼠血清中IFN?γ水平差异有统计学意义（F = 7.50，P < 0.01），B组小鼠血清中IFN?γ水平显著低于A组（P < 0.05）；经AES治疗后，C组小鼠血清中IFN?γ水平较B组显著升高（P < 0.05）。3组小鼠血清中IL?4 （F = 470.81，P < 0.01）、IL?5水平（F = 68.20，P < 0.01）差异均有统计学意义，B组小鼠血清中IL?4、IL?5水平均显著高于A组（P均 < 0.01）；经AES治疗后，C组小鼠血清中IL?4、IL?5水平均较B组显著降低（P均 < 0.01）。3组小鼠血清中IL?10（F = 174.91，P < 0.01）、TGF?β水平（F = 9.39，P < 0.01）差异均有统计学意义；经AES治疗后，C组小鼠血清中IL?10、TGF?β水平均显著高于B组（P均 < 0.05）。结论　旋毛虫AES对OVA诱导的小鼠变应性鼻炎有显著的保护作用。

Protective effect of excretory-secretory protein from adult Trichinella spiralis on ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in mice

Objective　To investigate the protective effect of excretory?secretory protein (AES) from adult Trichinella spiralis on ovalbumin (OVA)?induced allergic rhinitis in mice．Methods　Eighteen female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups, including the blank control group (Group A), OVA?induced rhinitis group (Group B) and AES treatment group (Group C). Mice in Group A were given PBS. Mice in Group B were intraperitoneally injected with antigen adjuvant suspension for systemic sensitization, once every other day for seven times; then, local excitation was intranasally induced with 5% OVA solution once a day for seven times to establish a mouse model of allergic rhinitis. In addition to induction of allergic rhinitis, mice in Group C were given 25 μg AES at baseline sensitization and local excitation. Following the final challenge, mice were observed for 30 min in each group, and the behavioral score was evaluated. The serum levels of IFN?γ, IL?4, IL?5, IL?10 and TGF?β were determined using an enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay in mice, and the pathological changes of mouse nasal mucosa were observed under a microscope. Results　There was a significant difference in the mouse behavioral scores among the three groups (F = 110.12, P < 0.01). The mouse behavioral score was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A (7.17 ± 0.75 vs. 1.33 ± 0.52, P < 0.01), and more remarkable pathological damages of mouse nasal mucosa were seen in Group B than in Group A, while the mouse behavioral score was significantly decreased in Group C than in Group B (P < 0.01), and the pathological damages of mouse nasal mucosa remarkably alleviated in Group C relative to Group B. There was a significant difference in serum IFN?γ level among the three groups (F = 7.50, P < 0.01) and the serum IFN?γ level in Group B was significantly lower than in group A and C (both P < 0.05). There were significant differences in serum IL?4 (F = 470.81, P < 0.01) and IL?5 levels (F = 68.20, P < 0.01) among the three groups, and significantly greater serum IL?4 and IL?5 levels were detected in Group B than in Group A (P < 0.01), while significantly lower serum IL?4 and IL?5 levels were detected in Group C than in Group B (P < 0.01). There were significant differences in serum IL?10 (F = 174.91, P < 0.01) and TGF?β levels (F = 9.39, P < 0.01) among the three groups, and significantly greater serum IL?10 and TGF?β levels were seen in Group C than in Group B (both P < 0.05). Conclusion　T. spiralis AES has a remarkable protective activity against OVA?induced allergic rhinitis in mice.