2017年开封市居民期望寿命及减寿分析

目的了解2017年开封市居民期望寿命及寿命损失情况。方法收集2017年开封市死亡资料,采用ANACONDA(Analysis of Causes of National Deaths for Action,ANACONDA)软件对死亡数据质量进行评价,通过死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、死因顺位、期望寿命、潜在减寿年数(Potential Years of Life Lost,PYLL)等指标对居民死亡情况及寿命损失进行描述。结果2017年全市共报告死亡病例25099例,死亡率645.05/10万(标化死亡率577.12/10万),男性死亡率高于女性且差异有统计学意义(χ^2=26.00,P<0.001)。居民平均期望寿命为78.08岁(男性74.90岁,女性81.26岁)。前五位死因依次为:心脏病、脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、损伤与中毒。去除前五位死因后,平均期望寿命增加10.43岁。四类慢性病造成的早死概率为18.32%。2017年开封市1~69岁人群因各种疾病导致128808人年的潜在减寿年数损失,平均减寿年数(Average Years of Life Lost,AYLL)为13.77年。结论慢性病尤其是心脑血管疾病及恶性肿瘤是造成开封市居民寿命损失的主要原因,期望寿命的提高关键在于对循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤等慢性病的预防和控制。

Analysis on life expectancy and life reduction of residents in Kaifeng in 2017

Objectives To realize the impact of the main cause of death on life expectancy and life lost in Kaifeng residents in 2017.Methods Collected the death data of residents in Kaifeng in 2017 and evaluated the quality of the death data by the use of ANACONDA(Analysis of Causes of National Deaths for Action,ANACONDA).Mortality,standardized mortality,composition ratio,cause sequence of death,life expectancy,and potential years of life loss(PYLL)were used to describe the life expectancy and life loss of Kaifeng residents.Results The city reported a total of 25099 deaths,reporting a crude mortality of 645.05/105 and a standardized mortality of 577.12/105.The male mortality rate was higher than that of females and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=26.00,P<0.001).The average life expectancy of residents was 78.08 years old,including 81.26 years for women and 74.90 years for men.The top five causes of death for residents were:heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,malignant tumor,respiratory disease,and injury.After removing the top five causes of death,the average life expectancy increased by 10.43 years.The premature death rate of chronic diseases caused by malignant tumors,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and chronic respiratory diseases was 18.32%.In 2017,the population of 1 to 69 years old in Kaifeng City suffered from the loss of potential life lost in 128,808 person-years due to various diseases.The Average Years of Life Lost(AYLL)was 13.77 years.Conclusions Chronic diseases,especially cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors seriously affect the health of residents in Kaifeng.The key to the improvement of life expectancy is the prevention and control of chronic diseases such as circulatory diseases and malignant tumors.