2018年洛宁县大骨节病病区与非病区内外环境硒含量监测分析

目的了解大骨节病病区与非病区内外环境硒含量,为大骨节病防治决策提供依据。方法在洛宁县故县镇选择历史重病区岭南村和非病区窑瓦村作为调查点,了解两村历史及目前儿童病情情况,采集两村6~12岁儿童发样各30份;以调查村为中心,排除近三年施用富硒肥的耕地,在东、南、西、北、东北、东南、西北、西南八个方位,8块农田中采集土样;每村按照东、南、西、北、中五个方位各调查2户家庭,共10户,每户采集白面,黄面,黄豆3种主粮,每份样品不少于50 g,检测样品硒含量。结果共采集6~12岁儿童发样49份,粮样60份,土样20份。病区村与非病区村儿童发硒分别为(0.2726±0.0420)mg/kg和(0.3633±0.0744)mg/kg,土硒分别为(0.1185±0.0092)mg/kg和(0.1194±0.0194)mg/kg,黄豆硒分别为(0.0179±0.0084)mg/kg和(0.0212±0.0112)mg/kg,白面硒分别为(0.0094±0.0059)mg/kg和(0.0643±0.0194)mg/kg,黄面硒分别为(0.0116±0.0011)mg/kg和(0.0150±0.0064)mg/kg。儿童发硒,白面,黄面硒均值比较均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论大骨节病区内环境硒营养水平基本充足,但外环境缺硒仍然存在,因此应坚持大骨节病监测,提高病区居民膳食中硒营养水平,及时掌握病情变化趋势,巩固防治成效,实现持续消除大骨节病目标。

Monitoring and analysis of selenium content in and out of kashin-beck disease areas and non-disease areas in Luoning county in 2018

Objective To understand the selenium(Se) content in the inner and outer environment of kashin-beck disease(KBD)area and non-disease area, so as to provide the basis for the control decision of KBD. Methods Lingnan village, a historically serious area, and yaowa village, a non-sick area, were selected as investigation sites in Guxian,Luoning county, to learn the history of the two villages and the current conditions of children. 30 hair samples were collected from children aged 6-12 in the two villages. Taking the survey villages centered and the cultivated land that had been applied with Se-rich fertilizer in the past three years excluded, soil samples were collected from eight fields in eight directions: east, south, west, north, northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest. 2 households were selected from the east, south, west, north, and middle, five directions, of the villages to constitute 10 households each village.Then, white flour, yellow flour and soybean samples were collected from each household, and each sample, no less than50 g, was used to test Selenium content. Results A total of 49 hair samples, 60 grain samples and 20 soil samples were collected. The Se content in the hair of children in the sick village and non-sick village was respectively(0.2726 ±0.0420) mg/kg and(0.3633±0.0744) mg/kg, that in soil was(0.1185±0.0092) mg/kg and(0.1194±0.0194) mg/kg, that in the soybean was(0.0179±0.0084) mg/kg and(0.0212±0.0112) mg/kg, that in the white flour was(0.0094 ±0.0059)mg/kg and(0.0643±0.0194) mg/kg, and that in the yellow flour was(0.0116±0.0011) and(0.0150±0.0064) mg/kg.There were significant differences(P < 0.01) in the mean values of Se content in hair, white flour and yellow flour between the sick and non-sick village. Conclusion The Se nutrition level in the internal environment is basically sufficient, but the Se deficiency in the external environment still exists. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the monitoring of kashin-beck disease, improve the Se nutrition level in the diet of residents in the sick area, timely grasp the disease change trend, consolidate the prevention effect, and achieve the goal of continuous elimination of KBD.