老年人肥胖与主要慢性病的关系

目的 分析南京市老年人肥胖与高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、高血脂的关系。方法 2013年4月~12月利用整群随机抽样法抽取南京市某区1 927名60岁及以上的老年人；对其进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测，获取信息，得到完整有效资料1 808份；肥胖用体质指数（body mass index，BMI）和腰围（waist circumference，WC）诊断，采用SPSS 19.0软件进行方差分析、χ²检验、非条件Logistic回归分析，探讨肥胖与血压、血糖、血脂以及主要慢性病的关系。结果 1 808名老年人中慢性病患病人数为1 276（70.6%）人，主要慢性病为高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、高血脂；超重人数为668人，占36.9%，肥胖人数为150人，占8.2%。中心肥胖人数为406人，占比22.5%；肥胖与收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇密切相关（均有P<0.05）；BMI和WC对高血压患病情况有影响（均有P<0.05）。结论 老年人肥胖增加主要慢性病患病风险，肥胖与血压、血糖、血脂密切相关，控制体重是提高老年人健康水平的有效方法。

The relationship between obesity and the major chronic diseases in the elderly

Objective To analyze the relationship between elderly obesity and hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, high blood cholesterol. Methods A total of 1 927 elderly (≥60 years) were recruited to collect information by questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory testing. Totally, 1 808 complete and effective data were obtained; body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were chosen as obesity index; SPSS 19.0 software was used to do ANOVA, chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis. Results The result showed that 1 276 senior citizens suffered from chronic diseases among the total number of 1 808, which accounted for 70.6 percent. Major chronic diseases included hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia. The number of overweight people was 668, covering 36.9 percent of the total number. The number of people who had obesity was 150, covering 8.2 percent. And there were 406 abdominally obese patients, accounting for 22.5 percent. Obesity was closely connected with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride,high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P< 0.05). BMI and WC had effects on the condition of hypertension patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions Obesity increases the risk that the aged are attacked by major chronic diseases. And the obesity is closely related to blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid. Controlling weight is the effective way of improving the health of the aged.