临沂市121例麻风病患者愈后健康及生存质量调查分析

目的 对临沂市部分麻风病患者愈后健康和生活状况进行调查，为提高其生活质量和健康水平提供指导。方法 采用随机抽样方法抽取临沂市麻风病愈后人群121名为研究对象，利用改良的简明健康调查量表第二版（the version 2 of the SF-36 health survey，SF-36 v2）进行面对面调查，并与中国常模等人群数据进行比较，分析对生活质量造成影响的原因。结果 121例研究对象平均年龄为68.7岁，其中60岁以上的人数占总调查人数的80.2%；共有65名麻风病患者愈后留有残疾，生理健康总分为35.8分，心理健康总分为37.1分，均低于中国常模（均有P<0.05）。患者的SF-36 v2 量表8个维度的转换分均低于中国常模（均有P<0.05）。住麻风村和社会散居者生理健康总分分别为31.6分和38.1分，散居者好于住麻风村者（t=-2.276，P=0.025）。无畸残患者在生理功能、生理职能、总体健康、社会功能和情感职能维度得分均高于畸残组（均有P<0.05）。结论 临沂市麻风病愈后人群年龄较大，畸残、婚姻和心理压力是影响患者愈后生活质量的主要因素；建议加强对麻风病患者愈后的关爱照料。

An investigation of life quality in 121 cured leprosy patients,Linyi City

Objective To investigate the life quality of cured leprosy patients in Linyi City,China,and provide scientific suggestions for improving patients' life quality and health condition.Methods A total of 121 cured leprosy patients in Linyi City were selected as subjects by random sampling method.Using the modified version 2 of the SF-36 health survey (SF-36v2),the subjects were surveyed face to face for analysis and evaluation in 8 dimensions.The data were compared with those of Chinese equivalent norm to analyze the factors affecting quality of life.Results The average age of 121 subjects was 68.7 years old,and 80.2％ of them were 60 years old or above.In total,65 leprosy patients were disabled.Survey analysis showed that the quality of physical health score (PCS) was 35.8 and mental health scores (MCS) was 37.1,both being lower than the China norm (all P ＜ 0.05).Transformed scores of 8 dimensions in the SF-36 v2 questionnaire of the leprosy patients were lower than those of China norm (all P ＜ 0.05).The physical health score (PCS) of subjects living in the leprosy villages and those scattering across the society were 31.6 and 38.1 respectively,and PCS of subjects scattering across the society was significantly better than those in the leprosy villages (t =-2.276,P =0.025).The physical functioning,role-physical,general health,social functioning and role-emotional dimensions transformed scores of the patients in healthy subjects were higher than those of disabled patients (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The cured leprosy patients are very old in Linyi City.Disability,non-divorced and psychological pressure are the major factors that affect the patients' quality of life after cure.The cured leprosy patients deserve more attention.