重庆地区1031名强制隔离戒毒人员心理健康状况

目的 探讨强制戒毒人员心理健康。方法 采用心理健康症状自评量表、状态特质焦虑量表和抑郁自评量表对重庆地区1 031名强制隔离戒毒人员进行测评。结果 戒毒人员心理问题发生率为53.73%；除人际关系敏感外，其余项目得分高于常模（均有P<0.05）；男性在敌对、偏执和状态特质焦虑得分均高于女性（均有P<0.05）；文化程度越低，躯体化、强迫、焦虑和抑郁得分越高；除特质焦虑外，不同年龄阶段戒毒人员在各维度差异具有统计学意义（均有P<0.05）；脱毒期心理健康各维度得分最高，状态特质焦虑得分随戒断阶段的推进逐步降低；戒毒三次及以上人员特质焦虑最高；除敌对、恐怖、偏执和精神病性四个维度外，注射式吸毒人员的得分均高于口吸式吸毒人员（均有P<0.05）。结论 重庆地区强制隔离戒毒人员心理问题发生率高，严重程度高于全国常模，心理健康受性别、年龄、文化程度、戒断阶段、戒毒次数和吸毒方式影响。

The mental health of 1031 drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation in Chongqing

Objective To explore the mental health of drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation.Methods Self-reporting inventory,state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and self-rating depression scale were used to evaluate the psychological condition of 1 031 subjects.Results The incidence of psychological problems was 53.73％.Except for interpersonal sensitivity,scores of rest items were significantly higher than the norm (all P ＜ 0.05).Hostility,STAI and paranoid ideation scores of males were significantly higher than females (all P ＜ 0.05).The lower level of education,the higher scores in somatization,obsessive-compulsive,anxiety,STAI and depression.Except for trait anxiety,there were significant differences in each dimension among addicts on different age groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The detoxification stage scores were the highest,STAI scores were getting lower with the progress of rehabilitation.Trait anxiety scores of addicts for the above-third-time and above rehabilitation were the highest.Except for hostility,phobia anxiety,paranoid ideation and psychoticism dimensions,the scores of injecting drug addicts were significantly higher than suction mouth drug users (all P ＜0.05).Conclusions The incidence of psychological problems of drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation is higher and more severe than the norm.Mental health and emotion were affected by gender,age,culture level,rehabilitation stage,rehabilitation times and drug-taking patterns.