广州市184例新治疗的HIV阳性者焦虑和抑郁状况及影响因素分析

目的 了解广州市新治疗的艾滋病病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）阳性者焦虑、抑郁状况及影响因素，为促进其身心健康提供依据。方法 通过方便抽样，于2016年5~8月，采用自行设计的调查问卷及特定的量表对广州市第八人民医院新治疗的HIV阳性者进行调查。对结果进行描述性分析，并采用Logistic回归对调查对象的焦虑、抑郁状况及影响因素进行分析。结果 共调查184例新治疗的HIV阳性者。焦虑症状检出率为51.6%，广泛性焦虑量表（generalized anxiety disorder scale-7，GAD-7）平均得分为（5.04±4.25）分；抑郁症状检出率为66.3%，病人健康状况问卷中抑郁评估部分（the patient health questionnaire-9，PHQ-9）平均得分为（7.01±4.92）分。多因素Logistic分析结果显示HIV诊断时间≥ 6个月（OR=0.344，95%CI：0.170~0.695，P=0.003）、较高水平的自我效能（OR=0.814，95%CI：0.682~0.973，P=0.024）、较高水平的社会支持（OR=0.955，95%CI：0.930~0.982，P=0.001）是焦虑症状出现的保护因素；较高水平的自我效能（OR=0.790，95%CI：0.646~0.966，P=0.022）、较高水平的社会支持（OR=0.955，95%CI：0.928~0.983，P=0.002）是抑郁症状出现的保护因素；有艾滋病相关临床表现（OR=3.168，95%CI：1.570~6.394，P=0.001）是抑郁症状出现的危险因素。结论 受多重因素影响，广州市新治疗的HIV阳性者焦虑、抑郁状况较为严重且普遍存在。

Anxiety,depression and related factors of 184 HIV patients newly admitted to antiretroviral treatment in Guangzhou

Objective To investigate the prevalence and factors of anxiety and depression among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients who were newly admitted to antiretroviral treatment in Guangzhou.Method Patients were recruited by using convenient sampling from May to August 2016 from Guangzhou No.Eight Hospital,and were interviewed by using face-to-face interviews.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 184 HIV patients were included.The prevalence of anxiety was 51.6％,average score:(5.04 ± 4.25),while the prevalence of depression was 66.3％,average score:(7.01 ±4.92).Duration of infecting more than six months (OR =0.344,95％ CI:0.170-0.695,P =0.003),level of self-efficacy (OR =0.814,95％ CI:0.682-0.973,P =0.024) and social support (OR=0.955,95％ CI:0.930-0.982,P =0.001) were protective factors for anxiety;level of self-efficacy(OR =0.790,95％ CI:0.646-0.966,P =0.022) and social support (OR =0.955,95％ CI:0.928-0.983,P =0.002) were also protective factors for depression.HIV/AIDS related symptoms (OR =3.168,95％ CI:1.570-6.394,P =0.001) were a risk factor for depression.Conclusions Affected by multiple factors,there was a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among HIV patients who were newly admitted to HIV antiretroviral treatment in Guangzhou.