2009年梧州市郊区农村饮用水卫生监测结果分析

目的为了解梧州市郊区农村饮用水的水质卫生状况及水质动态变化,为政府的相关决策提供依据。方法根据梧州市郊区农村饮用水的类型、供水方式的不同及经济发展的情况,选取有代表性的饮用水监测点28个,其中集中式供水点13个、分散式供水点15个。于2009年3月和8月对水样进行采集,按GB/T5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》对水样进行检测,按GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行评价、分析。结果共采集水样82份,合格29份,合格率为35.37%。其中集中式供水水样合格率为36.54%,分散式供水水样合格率为33.33%。集中式供水和分散式供水的水质合格率无显著性差异（χ2=0.1,P〉0.05）。不合格指标是菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、浑浊度、肉眼可见物、pH、铁、色度和硝酸盐。由微生物指标超标导致的水质不合格率最高,达54.88%;其次是由感官指标超标导致的水质不合格率,为29.27%。一般化学指标中除PH的不合格率为10.98%外,其余的检测指标合格率均在95%以上。结论梧州市农村饮用水水源水质基本良好,微生物污染是影响梧州市郊区农村饮用水水质卫生的重要因素。缺乏有效的消毒措施导致农村饮用水微生物指标严重超标,给农村饮水安全带来隐患。集中式供水点的管理有待完善,建议应采取有效措施健全管理机制,加强农村饮用水的卫生管理、消毒和健康教育工作。

Investigation of Drinking Water Quality in Rural Areas in Wuzhou Suburbs, Guangxi in 2009

OBJECTIVE To understand the drinking water quality and dynamics in the rural areas in Wuzhou. METHODS According to the types of drinking water and economic development in rural areas, 28 water sources were randomly selected. In March and August, 2009, the drinking water samples were collected, analyzed and assessed according to the standard protocol of drinking water quality test, the basic condition of the water supply was investigated in the same time. RESULTS The eligible rate of drinking water in the rural areas was 35.37%. Among all the monitoring indexes, the bacteria index ranked the lowest in terms of eligible rate, the eligible rate is 45.12%, the eligible rate of sensory index is 70.73%. CONCLUSION The rural drinking water sources in Wuzhou have a good quality. The bacteria contamination is a main influencing factor in the rural areas drinking water safety. It is need for clearing sector function, strengthen water disinfection work.