β地中海贫血伴髓外造血组织瘤样增生的探讨

为了研究β地中海贫血伴髓外造血组织瘤样增生细胞形态特点其及诊断，对纵隔髓外造血组织瘤样增生用细针抽吸活组织行细胞学检测（FNAC），并与骨髓片进行比较分析。结果表明：纵隔肿块的细针抽吸活组织的细胞学涂片显示粒系细胞中可见中性中幼粒细胞、中性晚幼粒细胞、中性杆状粒细胞、中性分叶核粒细胞；红系细胞中可见早幼红细胞、中幼红细胞、晚幼红细胞；并可见颗粒巨核细胞、产血小板的巨核细胞、散在血小板及成熟淋巴细胞；细胞形态及各期细胞分布与骨髓片相似，为髓外造血组织。结论：β地中海贫血伴髓外造血组织瘤样增生为罕见病，细针穿刺活检方法为一种快速、方便、有效诊断该病的方法。

Exploration of Tumor-like Hyperplasia in Extramedullary Hematopoietic Tissue of β-Thalassanemia Patients

To investigate the morphological features of mediastinal extramedullary hematopoietic tissue in beta-thalassanemia patients and its diagnosis, the morphological features of tumor-like hyperplastic in extramedullary hematopoietic tissue were analyzed by using fine needle aspiration cytological (FNAC) biopsy and compared with bone marrow smear sample. The results indicated that in the FNAC smears of mediastinal tumor, neutrophilic myelocyte, neutrophilic metamyelocyte, neutrophilic stab granulocyte and neutrophilic segmented granulocyte were observed in granulocytic series; early normoblast, polychromatic normoblast and orthochromatic normoblast were observed in erythrocytic series; and granular megakaryocyte, thromocytogenic megakaryocyte, scattered platelet and matured lymphocyte also were observed. Cell morphology and distribution in different stages were are similar to that in bone marrow smear, and these cells belong to the extra-medullary hemopoietic tissue. It is concluded that tumor-like hyperplasia in extra-medullary hemopoietic tissue of beta-thalassanemia patient is a rare phenomenon, FNAC detection is a quick, convenient and effective method for its diagnosis.