西南地区某省中学生使用药物与精神活性物质的流行病学调查

目的··：采用整群抽样方法对某省九个地、州、市的高二年级学生进行了中学生用药情况调查。方法··：调查内容包括８种药物／精神活性物质“一生”、“最近３０ｄ”的使用情况、用药频率（经常、偶尔）、最初使用年龄、使用原因与后果等。结果··：在２６４９例有效应答者中，一生中“经常”使用最多的物质是烟草（６．３２％），其它物质依次是非甾体抗炎止痛药（ＮＳＡＩＤｓ，２．９２％），酒（２．８９％），挥发性溶剂（０．２８％），镇静催眠药（０．２４％）和大麻（０．０４％）；“偶尔”使用最多的是酒（６６．０５％），其它物质依次是：ＮＳＡＩＤｓ（５９．２６％），烟草（２７．３６％），镇静催眠药（５．１９％），海洛因（３．１３％），挥发性溶剂（２．８１％），中枢兴奋剂（０．７３％）和大麻（０．３３％）。各种物质的初始使用年龄介于１０．７ａ至１３．４ａ。调查还对学生用药原因、后果进行了分析。结论··：少数中学生对烟草、酒和某些精神药物的使用成瘾；极个别学生有滥用违禁毒品的行为。建议加强中学生药物滥用预防教育。

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF DRUGS/PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES USE AMONG SENIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN A SOUTH-WEST PROVINCE

Objective: To survey drugs/psychoactive substances use among senior middle school students in a south-west province. Method: Carry out epidemiological study of the use of drugs/psychoactive substances among senior middle school students in 1998. This representative samples were randomly selected by cluster sampling throughout this province from 32 classes of middle schools in 9 districts/cities. 2649 students completed this self-reported questionnaire survey. Result and conclusion: The lifetime prevalence of substance used more than 20 days during the month before the survey indicated the following data: tobacco use was 6.32%, NSAIDs 2.92%, alcohol 2.89%, solvents 0.28%, sedative/hypnotics 0.24% and cannabis 0.04%. The lifetime prevalence of "occasion use" indicated the following data: alcohol was 66.05%, NSAIDs 59.26%, tobacco 27.36%, sedative/hypnotics 5.19%, heroin 3.13%, solvents 2.81%, ATS 0.73% and cannabis 0.33%. The median age at onset substance use was between 10.7a to 13.4a.All this in dicates that it is necessary to strengthen the education and intervention on substance misuse for adolescents.