可逆性后部脑病综合征的临床及影像学表现

目的：总结可逆性后部脑病综合征（PRES）的临床及影像学表现特点,以提高对该病的认识。方法：回顾性分析13例确诊为PRES患者的临床表现和影像学检查资料。结果：患者既往病史包括系统性红斑狼疮、原发性高血压、急性淋巴细胞白血病、子痫、血小板减少性紫癜、宫颈癌术后,1例患者无特殊病史。12例为急性起病,临床常见症状包括发作性癫痫、意识障碍、视觉障碍、头痛、恶心等,发作时均有血压升高;1例为亚急性起病。影像学表现病灶主要分布于双侧大脑半球后部皮层下白质区,常可累及皮层,颞叶、额叶、小脑、脑干等部位也可同时受累。CT表现为低密度影,MRI呈等或稍长T1、长T2信号,Flair序列高信号,10例患者DWI呈高或略高信号,3例DWI未见异常,ADC图均为高信号;8例行MR增强扫描,其中6例无强化,2例出现不同程度增强;4例行MRA检查未发现明显血管异常。经治疗后患者临床及影像学异常表现大多完全恢复。结论：MRI是PRES的最佳检查及随访手段,Flair和DWI是PRES检查中两个重要序列;PRES临床和影像学表现具有一定特点,认识这些特点对于正确诊断和治疗具有重要意义。

Clinical and imaging manifestations of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome

Objective:To summarize the clinical and imaging characteristics of PRES and to improve the recognition of this disease.Methods:13 cases of confirmed PRES were analyzed retrospectively,including their clinical manifestations and imaging results.Results:The medical history of the 13 patients included systematic lupus erythematosus,primary hypertension,acute lymphocytic leukemia,eclampsia,idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,and postsurgery of cervical cancer.The main clinical symptoms included seizures,conscio...