吲哚美辛对内镜下逆行性胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎的预防

目的 探讨吲哚美辛对内镜下逆行性胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎(PEP)的预防作用.方法 从需行内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)的患者中选择年龄18～75岁,未合并有心、肺、肝、肾疾病及凝血功能障碍等手术高危因素,未合并恶性疾病,无非甾体类抗炎(NSAIDs)药物禁忌证,术前影像学及血清学证实未合并胰腺炎者.采用前瞻性随机对照病例研究方法分为吲哚美辛组和对照组.吲哚美辛组患者术后0.5h使用吲哚美辛100 mg肛塞,对照组给予安慰剂.以术后出现持续性的胰腺炎相关临床症状伴有术后24h血清淀粉酶值超过正常上限3倍、需住院1d以上者诊断为PEP.并对诊断PEP的患者于术后72 h进行APACHEⅡ评分.结果 2004年至2010年共入选348例患者,其中吲哚美辛组182例,对照组166例.吲哚美辛组术后发生PEP 6例(3.3％),对照组14例(8.4％),两组差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).吲哚美辛组发生PEP者的APACHEⅡ评分为4.3±1.3,对照组为7.4±1.7,两组差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).但两组高胰淀粉酶血症的发生率无统计学差异(9.3％比10.8％,P＞0.05).结论 内镜下乳头括约肌切开取石术后使用吲哚美辛肛栓预防术后胰腺炎是有效的,同时可以降低胰腺炎的严重程度.

Efficacy of rectally administered indomethacin for the prevention of post ERCP pancreatitis

Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of rectally administered indomethacin for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP).Methods All eligible patients without high risk factors such as heart,lung,liver and kidney,coagulation dysfunction,without malignant disease and contraindication for NSAIDs,and pre-operative imaging study and lab test suggesting no pancreatitis,aged from 18 ～ 75 who underwent ERCP and EST were enrolled.In a randomized prospective trial,patients were randomized to receive a suppository containing indomethacin,100 mg,or an identical placebo 30 minutes after ERCP.PEP was diagnosed when there was pancreatitis related clinical symptoms,and serum amylase was higher than 3 times of the normal values,and when the patient needed more than 1 day hospitalization.Patients with PEP were evaluated with APACHE Ⅱ score 72 hours after ERCP.Results During 2004 ～ 2010,a total of 348 patients were enrolled,of which 182 received indomethacin and 166 received placebo.Six patients developed pancreatitis in the indomethacin group and 14 in the placebo group (3.3％ vs.8.4％,P ＜0.05),and the difference between the two group was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ).In those patients with PEP,the APACHE Ⅱ scores in indomethacin group (4.3 ± 1.3 ) were lower than that in the placebo group (7.4 ±1.7),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The incidence of hyperamylasemia in both groups was not statistically significant (9.3％ vs.10.8％,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions This trial shows that rectally administered indomethacin after ERCP and EST can effectively reduce the incidence and severity of PEP.