The impact of red blood cell storage duration on tissue oxygenation in cardiac surgery |
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Authors: | Christopher P. Stowell Glenn Whitman Suzanne Granger Hernando Gomez Susan F. Assmann Michael J. Massey Nathan I. Shapiro Marie E. Steiner Elliott Bennett-Guerrero |
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Affiliation: | 1. Blood Transfusion Service, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass;2. Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md;3. New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Mass;4. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Center for Critical Care Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa;5. Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass;6. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass;7. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn;8. Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC |
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Abstract: | ObjectiveAlthough storage alters red blood cells, several recent, randomized trials found no differences in clinical outcomes between patients transfused with red blood cells stored for shorter versus longer periods of time. The objective of this study was to see whether storage impairs the in vivo ability of erythrocytes to traverse the microcirculation and deliver oxygen at the tissue level.MethodsA subset of subjects from a clinical trial of cardiac surgery patients randomized to receive transfusions of red blood cells stored ≤10 days or ≥21 days were assessed for thenar eminence and cerebral tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation (StO2) via the use of near-infrared spectroscopy and sublingual microvascular blood flow via side-stream darkfield videomicroscopy.ResultsAmong 55 subjects, there was little change in the primary endpoint (thenar eminence StO2 from before to after transfusion of one unit) and the change was similar in the 2 groups: +1.7% (95% confidence interval, ?0.3, 3.8) for shorter-storage and +0.8% (95% confidence interval, ?1.1, 2.9) for longer-storage; P = .61). Similarly, no significant differences were observed for cerebral StO2 or sublingual microvascular blood flow. These parameters also were not different from preoperatively to 1 day postoperatively, reflecting the absence of a cumulative effect of all red blood cell units transfused during this period.ConclusionsThere were no differences in thenar eminence or cerebral StO2, or sublingual microcirculatory blood flow, in cardiac surgery patients transfused with red blood cells stored ≤10 days or ≥21 days. These results are consistent with the clinical outcomes in the parent study, which also did not differ, indicating that storage may not impair oxygen delivery by red blood cells in this setting. |
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Keywords: | transfusion microcirculation tissue oxygenation RBC storage CI confidence interval ICU intensive care unit MFI microcirculatory flow index for small vessels ΔMFI change in MFI NIRS near-infrared spectroscopy OR operating room PVD perfused small vessel density ΔPVD change in PVD PPV proportion of perfused small vessels ΔPPV change in PPV RBC red blood cells RECAP Red Cell Storage Duration Study Ancillary Physiologic Study RECESS Red Cell Storage Duration Study SDF sidestream darkfield tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation TVD total small vessel density ΔTVD change in TVD TRUST Transfusion Risk Understanding Score Tool |
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