Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Pediatric & Adolescent Gynecology, Children''s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA;2. Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Carilion Clinic/Virginia Tech-Carilion School of Medicine, 1906 Belleview Ave, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA;1. Unité d''Endocrinologie et Gynécologie Pédiatrique, Département de Pédiatrie, Hôpital A. de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire de Montpellier et Université de Montpellier, France;2. Service de Médicine Nucléaire, Département de Biophysique, Hôpital Layperonie et Université de Montpellier, France;3. Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Département de Pédiatrie, Hôpital A. de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire de Montpellier et Université de Montpellier, France;1. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China;2. National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China;3. The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China;4. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;5. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China;1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beth Israel Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, USA;2. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Gerald J. Friedman Diabetes Institute, Beth Israel Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 317 East 17th Street, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA |
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| Abstract: | Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) typically manifests with a combination of menstrual dysfunction and evidence of hyperandrogenism in the adolescent population. No single cause has been identified; however, evidence suggests a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Polycystic ovary syndrome presents a particular diagnostic challenge in adolescents as normal pubertal changes can present with a similar phenotype. Management of PCOS in the adolescent population should focus on a multi-modal approach with lifestyle modification and pharmacologic treatment to address bothersome symptoms. This chapter outlines the pathogenesis of PCOS, including the effects of obesity, insulin resistance, genetic, and environmental factors. The evolution of the diagnostic criteria of PCOS as well as specific challenges of diagnosis in the adolescent population are reviewed. Finally, evidence for lifestyle modification and pharmacologic treatments are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Polycystic ovary syndrome Adolescent Insulin resistance Hyperandrogenism |
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