鼻缺损修复术中美学亚单位原则的应用

目的探讨鼻美学亚单位原则在鼻部缺损修复和再造术中应用的效果和意义。方法鼻部各亚单位缺损患者共27例,根据鼻美学亚单位分区分为5组,为鼻背、鼻尖、鼻翼小叶、软组织三角以及涉及两个或两个以上亚单位组。根据缺损面积占亚单位的比例,对小于50%的缺损作亚单位局部修复,大于50%的则去除残余组织,行全亚单位重建。其中,游离组织移植(如植皮、耳廓复合组织移植)10例,局部皮瓣4例,额部皮瓣13例,术后随访5~37个月,以修复后的鼻外形和色泽来判断修复和再造效果。结果植皮、局部转移皮瓣14例全部存活;耳廓复合组织游离移植2例出现表皮发红发暗,半年后皮肤色泽渐趋正常;额部皮瓣鼻再造13例中,有1例出现鼻小柱伤口愈合不佳,鼻假体外露,鼻小柱瘢痕增生挛缩,二期行上唇黏膜瓣带蒂转移修复治愈。27例全部得到随访,患者和家属对手术结果均表示满意。结论运用鼻亚单位原则进行鼻部缺损修复和再造,与传统方法比较,能够获得更为满意的效果。

Application of aesthetic sub-unit principle in nasal reconstruction and reparing of nasal defects

Objective To evaluate the significance and effect of nasal aesthetic sub-unit principle. Methods Based on nasal aesthetic sub-unit, 27 patients were divided into 5 groups according to their nasal defects. They were nasal dorsum, tip, alar lobule, soft triangle and two or two above nasal subunit defects groups. Local restore were applied in defects which were less than 50 percent of one nasal subunit. Total nasal subunit reconstruction were applied , if areas of defects were larger than 50 percent of one nasal subunit 10 cases were received free tissue transplantation (including free skin transplantation, composite auricle transplantation, etc), 4 cases were received local flap, and 13 cases were received forehead flap. Following up for 5 to 37 months, evaluation item were contour and color. Results Skin transplantation and local flap were all survived. Auricle composite flap were all survived except for 2 cases whose epidermis looked red and purple. These two case's epidermis regained normal 6 months after operation. Forehead flap for nasal reconstruction were all survived, but one of them had to perfom secondary surgery for coverage of the exposed nasal frame. 27 cases were followed up in all. Patients and their family members were satisfied with the nasal's contour and color. Conclusions Good aesthetic effets comes from nasal aesthetic sub-unit principle in nasal reconstruction and reparing of nasal defects.;