茶碱对慢性哮喘和肺功能改善的作用

目的 了解茶碱在慢性哮喘轻症患者临床症状缓解和气道炎症抑制作用的机制。方法选择41例慢性哮喘的第1级及第2级中的轻症患者，口服缓释茶碱每天4～6mg／kg.b．w．，每12h 1次，连用16周。对照组15例，未服药治疗。对比评估临床症状，检测晨间最大呼气流黄（PEFa）、用力肺活量（FVC）、1秒钟用力呼气容积（FEV1）、1秒钟用力呼气容积降低20％所需药物累积量（PD20），静脉血T细胞亚群（CD3^＋、CD4^＋,CD8^＋）的变化。结果 经茶碱口服治疗后，临床症状评分、PD20、PEFnm、FEV1，CD3^＋、CD4^＋与对照组比较差异有显著意义。结论 慢性哮喘轻症患者小剂量茶碱口服治疗16周后，哮喘患者临床症状有明显改善，气道高反应性与对照组比较得到改善（P〈0．01）。

Clinical efficacy of low-dose oral theophylline for treating mild asthma

OBJECTIVE: To observe the role of theophylline in relieving airway symptoms and inflammation in patients with mild asthma. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with mild asthma were randomly divided into treatment group (n=41) receiving oral theophylline at daily dose of 4 to 6 mg/kg for 16 weeks and control group (15 cases) without medication other than beta2 antagonist, which was administered when necessary in both groups. Peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+)) and pulmonary function (PEF(am) and PD(20)) before and at 8 and 16 weeks during treatment were measured. RESULTS: Significant difference was observed in CD3+ and CD4(+) T-lymphocyte subsets after medication with theophylline (P<0.05) in the patients, and PEF(am) and PD(20) were also significantly different from those of the control group (P<0.05). Theophylline significantly improved the clinical symptom scores (P<0.05) and decreased the asthma attacks. CONCLUSION: Low-dose oral theophylline may significantly relieving airway inflammation in patients with mild asthma.