对参加汶川地震救援的消防战士心理创伤的评估与干预

目的了解参加灾后救援的消防战士的心理健康状况和实施心理干预对维护健康、治疗与防范二级心理创伤的效果。方法将33名参加灾后救援的消防战士设为研究组，再随机抽取33名未参加救援的消防战士设为对照驵，对研究组采用集体心理辅导、小组心理辅导和一对一心理辅导进行心理干预；半年后对研究组重新进行心理评估。结果参加救援消防战士心理干预感受良好，情绪减低、闪回症状基本消失，焦虑、恐惧体验等迅速缓解，心理干预能够帮助他们渡过心理创伤，减少灾后刺激因素对其心理的不良影响。结论早期干预对消防战士在救援过程中出现的心理问题和心理创伤有显著疗效。心理干预可以帮助消防战士防范二级心理创伤。

The evaluation and intervention of psychological trauma of the fire fighters took part in WENCHUAN earthquake post-disaster relief

Objective To assessment the mental health status and the effects of implementation of psychological intervention on the maintenance of health, treatment and prevention of secondary psychological trauma of the fire fighters take part in post-disaster relief. Methods 33 fire fighters who took part in postdisaster relief was set as Study Group, and then randomly selected 33 fire fighters who did not take part in post-disaster relief as the control group. The Study Group used collective, group and one-to-one psychological counseling for psychological intervention. Six months later, evaluate the psychological condition of the study group. Results After psychological intervention, the fire fighters who took part in post-disaster relief feel better than before, emotional stability, and flashback symptoms disappeared; the experience of anxiety and fear rapid alleviated. Psychological intervention can assist them in passing through the psychological trauma, reducing the adverse effects of post-disaster psychological stimulate factors and protect and enhance the mental health level of fire fighters. Conclusion Early psychological intervention for fire fighters psychological problems and psychological trauma occurred in the course of relief has a significant effect. psychological intervention can help the fire fighters proventing the secondary psychological traumas.