南京市县乡中学生健康相关行为调查

目的了解南京市县乡中学生健康相关行为现状,为制定相关控制措施提供依据。方法以整群随机抽样方法,抽取南京市县乡15所中学4124名中学生,采用"中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷"进行问卷调查。结果4124名中学生每天喝牛奶的报告率为39.2,每天吃早餐的报告率为77.0,偏食报告率为34.6,每天锻炼报告率为14.5,曾尝试吸烟的报告率为22.2,饮酒报告率为52.8,吸毒报告率为0.9,网络成瘾报告率为4.8,参与赌博报告率为20.0;30d内骑车经常或总是违规报告率为51.3,受到欺侮报告率为54.7,12个月里考虑自杀报告率为15.6,想过离家出走报告率为22.2。高中生不良饮食习惯、缺乏锻炼、尝试吸烟、饮酒、吸毒、网络成瘾、参与赌博、30d内骑车经常或总是违规、12个月里考虑自杀、想过离家出走的报告率均高于初中生(P值均<0.01)。高中男生吸烟、饮酒、吸毒、网络成瘾、参与赌博、30d内骑车经常或总是违规、受到欺侮、性行为报告率高于女生,而高中女生考虑自杀报告率高于男生(P值均<0.05)。结论南京市县乡中学生不良健康相关行为发生率较高,多种不良健康相关行为在初、高中和性别之间差异有统计学意义。

Investigation on Health Related Behavior of Middle School Students in Nanjing Town and Rural Area

Objective To explore the status of health related behavior of adolescents in Nanjing town and rural area and to provide evidence for prevention and control for injury.Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was carried among 4 124 students from 15 middle schools.Results Among 4 124 middle school students,39.2% of them drank milk everyday,77.0% of them had breakfast,34.6% of them ate partiality foods and 14.5% of them took sports activity every day.The prevalence rates of smoking,alcohol drinking,drug addiction,Internet addiction and gambling were 22.2%,52.8%,0.9%,4.8% and 20.0% respectively.About 51.3% of them always or usually disobeyed rules on riding and 54.7% had the experience of being teased in the past 30 days.In the past 12 months,15.6% of them considered suicide and 22.2% had the experience of leaving home.The prevalence of some health related behavior of senior high school students,such as bad dietary habits,lack exercises,smoking,alcohol drinking,drug addiction,Internet addiction,gambling,considering suicide and leaving home,was higher than junior high school students(P<0.01).The prevalence of some health related behavior among male senior high school students was higher than female students,such as smoking,alcohol drinking,drug addiction,Internet addiction gambling,disobeying rules on riding,being teased and sexual behaviors.However,the prevalence of considering suicide students was higher than male students(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of health related behavior is high among middle school students in town and rural area in Nanjing.There is significant difference between junior and senior students,male and female students.