慢性阻塞性肺疾病中蛋白酶与抗蛋白酶系统的研究进展

COPD是一种以气流受限为特征，并伴有肺功能进行性降低的异常炎症反应相关的疾病。其主要原因是细胞外基质在气道壁过度沉积，引起气道阻塞和肺弹性基质的降解。COPD的发生中，气道炎症、氧化／抗氧化失衡、蛋白酶／抗蛋白酶失衡起着重要的作用。其中，α1-抗胰蛋白酶（α1—antitrypsin，α1-AT）缺乏症与COPD有着重要联系，本文主要就目前对于蛋白酶／抗蛋白酶系统中起主要作用的中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶／α1—AT、基质金属蛋白酶／基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制物的结构、功能、诊断与治疗作一综述。

The research progress on the protease/antiprotease system involved in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is an abnormal inflammatory reaction related disease, characterized by airflow limitation and accompanied by progressive lowering lung function. The etiology is the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in the wall of airway, leading to airway obstruction and degradation of elastic matrix in lung. Airway inflammation, oxidation/antioxidation disequilibrium and protease/antiprotease imbalance play critical roles during the development of COPD. Among them, α1-antitrypsin （α1-AT） deficiency has an important connection to COPD. The present article is committed to review on the current progress of the structure, function, diagnosis and treatment of neutrophil elastase/α1-AT （ NE/α1-AT ） and matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase （MMPs/TIMP） in the protease/antiprotease system.