室内环境因素对支气管哮喘控制的影响

目的探讨室内环境影响因素对支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）的影响。方法采用现场问卷调查的方法，选择在我院哮喘门诊规律就诊的患者，调查室内环境因素对哮喘控制水平的影响。结果实际完成调查问卷440份，其中男性197例，女性243例，平均年龄（35．861±10．063）岁。达到哮喘控制人数112例（25．45％），部分控制人数252例（57．27％），未控制人数76例（17．27％）。采用多因素Logistic回归分析去除相互影响后的结果显示：使用地毯、饲养带毛宠物、主动吸烟、被动吸烟、近1年内家庭装修这5个因素将会对哮喘的控制产生不利影响。同时采用每周热水清洗床上用品加上防螨枕套或空气净化器的任何两种方法的组合将会改善哮喘的控制情况，预测发生控制水平为3级的风险的相对危险度分别为OR0．322（95％CI0．116～0．892）及OR0．378（95％CI0．148～0．969）。结论多种环境因素均会对哮喘的控制产生不利影响，但一些控制环境因素手段的组合将有利于我们更好的控制哮喘。

The impact of indoor environmental factors on bronchial asthma

Objective Identify home environmental exposures associated with poor control of bronchial asthma （asthma）. Methods This cross-sectional study using the method of questionnaire investigation,selected in our hospital outpatient asthma visits with law during Oct. 2009 to Mar. 2012. The indoor environmental factors and asthma control level were recorded. Results Actually completed the questionnaire 440,there were 197 males, 243 females, mean age （35. 861 ± 10. 063） years. Among 440 patients, the percentages of controlled, partly controlled, uncontrolled asthma assessed by current symptom were 25.45 %, 57.27 %, and 17.27 % respectively. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis to remove the mutual influence of the results showed that：the use of carpets, keeping pet with hair, active smoking,passive smoking, nearly 1 year home decoration these 5 factors will have adverse effects on asthma control. At the same time, using weekly hot water wash bedding and anti-mite pillowcase or air purifier is any combination of the two methods will improve asthma control, predictive control level of 3 class risk relative risk were OR 0. 322 （95% CI 0. 116-0. 892） and OR 0. 378 （95% CI 0. 148-0. 969）. Conclusions Many environmental factors can have adverse effects on asthma control,but some control of environmental factors by means of the combination will help us better control of asthma.