TGF-β1／Smad信号转导通路在子痫前期患者胎盘组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的检测子痫前期患者胎盘组织中TGF—β1／Smad的表达，探求TGF—β1／Smad信号转导通路在子痫前期发病中的作用。方法采用免疫组织化学法检测40例子痫前期（轻、重度）和正常孕妇15例正常妊娠妇女胎盘中TGF-β1以及Smad3、Smad4、Smad7的分布和表达，采用TUNEL法检测三组胎盘滋养细胞凋亡的情况。结果TGF-β以及Smad2、Smad3、Smad4、Smad7在正常妊娠和子痫前期患者胎盘的滋养细胞、内皮细胞、基质细胞中均有表达，以滋养细胞表达为主。TGF-β1以及Smad3、Smad4在正常妊娠组、子痫前期轻度组和重度组的表达强度及范围均呈逐渐升高趋势，Smad7在正常妊娠组、子痫前期轻度和重度组表达强度及范围依次呈逐渐下降趋势。正常妊娠和子痫前期患者胎盘的滋养细胞、内皮细胞、基质细胞均存在凋亡，以滋养细胞凋亡为主。重度子痫前期组胎盘滋养细胞凋亡（1．02）％显著高于子痫前期轻度组（0．73）％，子痫前期轻度组显著高于正常妊娠组（0．38）％，P〈0．05。滋养细胞TGF—β1的表达与滋养细胞凋亡具有相关性（r=0．96，P〈0．05）。结论子痫前期患者胎盘组织中的TGF—β1可能是通过Smad信号转导蛋白抑制滋养细胞浸润，诱导细胞凋亡。

The expression and the clinical significance of thesignal - transducing protein TGF -β1/Smad in placenta tissue of preeclampsia patients.

Objective： To test the level of TGF - β1/Smad in preeclampsia patient＇s placenta and to research the function of TGF -β1/Smad signal transduction in preeclampsia patients. Methods： To test the distribution and expression of TGF- β1, Smad3, Smad4, Smad7 with the immunohistochemistry technique （IHCT）, and to test sertoli cell apoptosis with TUNEL, in both 30 preeclampsia pregnant women and 15 normal pregnant women. Results： There are TGF - β1, Smad3, Smad4, Smad 7 among the placental Sertoli cells, endothelial cells and stroma cells - primarily the trophocyte, in normal pregnant women and the early eclamptism pa- tientso The results of TGF - β1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4. Among the normal pregnant women groups the light preeelampsia groups the serious preeclampsia groups, the expression intension and extent in placenta were gradually increasing. The results of Smad 7 among the serious preeclampsia groups, the light preeclampsia groups and the normal pregnant women groups. The expression intension and ex- tent in placenta were gradually decreasing. Apoptosis exists in normal and preeelampsia pregnant women＇s sertoli, endothelial and stro- ma cells - primarily in the sertoli cells. The apoptosis （1.02） % , in the serious preeelampsia pregnant women is much higher than in the light preeclampsia pregnant women （0. 73 ）%. And the apoptosis in the light preeelampsia pregnant women is significantly higher than in the normal pregnant women （0. 38 ） % （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The expression of TGF -β1 in sertoli cells is related to sertoli cell apotosis （r =0. 96, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions： The signal- transducing protein Smad prevents the sertoli cell from infiltration and induces apoptosis which makes TGF -β1 in the light preeclampsia pregnant women higher than in normal pregnant women.