原发性食管小细胞癌分子机制及治疗进展

原发性食管小细胞癌（primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus,PSCCE）是一种起源于食管的高级别神经内分泌肿瘤,具有倍增时间短、生长分数高和易早期转移的特点。由于其发病率极低,大样本随机对照研究难以开展,既往关于PSCCE的研究多基于病例报道,而对其治疗方案的选择尚无统一标准。近年来,有关PSCCE的研究日益增多,随着精准医学时代的到来,更多研究开始着眼于其分子水平的改变。本综述将重点对近年来有关PSCCE的分子机制、临床治疗进展进行总结,从而为PSCCE的诊断和治疗提供更多的思路。 

Progress in investigation of molecular mechanisms and treatment of primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus

Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (PSCCE) is a high-grade neuroendocrine tumor originating from the esophagus, characterized by a short doubling time, high growth score, and early metastasis. Due to the extremely low incidence of PSCCE, it is difficult to perform randomized controlled studies with large sample sizes. Previous studies on PSCCE have largely been based on case reports. Additionally, there is no uniform standard for the selection of a treatment regimen for this disease. However, in recent years, a greater number of studies have been conducted on PSCCE. Meanwhile, the arrival of the era of precision medicine has contributed to more studies focusing on the molecular mechanisms of PSCCE. This review focuses on the recent research progress in PSCCE with respect to investigating molecular mechanisms, treatment, and other aspects of the disease to provide further insight into new possibilities for the future diagnosis and treatment of PSCCE.