超声造影诊断肝包膜下小肝癌的临床价值

目的:探讨超声造影对肝包膜下小肝癌的诊断价值。方法:选取2017年1月至2019年7月间临床表现或其他影像学诊断怀疑为肝包膜下肝癌的51例患者,分析其常规超声和超声造影的表现,并总结其特征。结果:51例患者,共53个病灶,经手术、介入、临床表现或影像学检查证实。所有病灶均位于肝脏包膜下,45个病灶紧贴肝包膜,8个病灶位于肝包膜下10 mm以内。肝包膜下病灶以等回声和稍高或稍低回声为主,占90.6%(48/53),肿块边界不清和欠清者占94.3%(50/53)。超声造影显示53个病灶中48个表现为动脉期快速增强,同步增强5个。门脉期38个病灶减退呈低回声,占71.7%(38/53);15个病灶呈等回声,占28.3%(15/53);延迟期50个病灶减退呈低回声,3个病灶仍呈等回声改变。53个病灶中,超声造影检查符合"快进快出"类型38个,占71.7%(38/53);"快进慢出"类型12个,占22.6%(12/53);"快进不出"类型3个,占5.7%。常规超声检出15个病灶,检出率为28.3%(15/53),超声造影检出53个病灶,检出率为100%(53/53),两种方法比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:超声造影对肝包膜下小肝癌具有很高的检出率,值得在临床应用。

Clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of subcapsular small liver cancer

  Objective  To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of subcapsular small liver cancer.  Methods  Fifty-one patients diagnosed with subcapsular liver cancer by ultrasound or other imaging between January 2017 and July 2019 were enrolled. The manifestations of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were analyzed, and the characteristics, summarized.  Results  There were a total of 53 lesions, all of which were confirmed on the basis of surgical findings, clinical manifestations, or imaging findings. All lesions were located under the liver capsule. Forty-five lesions were located close to the liver capsule, whereas 8 lesions were located within 10 mm from the liver capsule. Of the subcapsular lesions, 90.6% (48/53) were isoechoic and slightly higher or lower echoic, and 94.3% (50/53) had unclear boundaries. CEUS revealed rapid arterial enhancement in 48 of 53 lesions and synchronous enhancement in 5 lesions. In the portal phase, 38 lesions (71.7%) presented hypoechoic changes, and 15 lesions presented isoechoic changes. In the delayed phase, 50 lesions (94.3%) presented hypoechoic changes, and 3 lesions presented isoechoic changes. Among the 53 lesions, the "fast in and fast out" type was found in 38 cases (71.7%) and the "fast in and slow out" type, in 12 cases (22.6%). There were also 3 cases (5.7%) of "fast in and no out" type. Conventional ultrasound revealed 15 lesions, with a detection rate of 28.3% (15/53), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound revealed 53 lesions, with a detection rate of 100% (53/53). The difference between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.01).  Conclusion  Contrast-enhanced ultrasound has a high detection rate for subcapsular small liver cancer and has a significant clinical value.