PD-1/PD-L1单克隆抗体治疗头颈部鳞癌的研究进展

头颈部鳞癌是以转移和局部侵袭为特征的恶性肿瘤,手术及放疗后复发率高,疾病预后及患者生存质量差。近年来,程序性死亡分子-1(programmed death-1,PD-1)抑制剂被新版美国国立综合癌症网络(NCCN)指南推荐用于治疗复发、不可切除和转移性头颈部鳞癌,其疗效引人瞩目。PD-1单抗为铂类化疗难治性的晚期头颈部鳞癌患者提供了新的治疗手段,降低术后功能丧失的风险,实现改善患者生存质量的目的。本文就免疫检查点PD-1/程序性细胞死亡分子配体-1(programmed death-ligand 1,PD-L1)的结构、作用机制和其抑制剂在治疗头颈部鳞癌中的研究进展等方面进行综述。

Research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a kind of malignant tumor characterized by metastasis and local invasion. Its recurrence rate is high after surgery and radiotherapy, and the prognosis and quality of life are poor. In recent years, programmed death- 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have been recommended in National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for the treatment of recurrent, unresectable, and metastatic HNSCC, and their efficacy has been remarkable. PD-1 inhibitors constitute a new treatment for the patients with advanced HNSCC who are refractory to platinum-based chemotherapy and can increase the probability of surgical resection, reduce the risk of postoperative dysfunction, and improve the survival and quality of life. This article reviews the structure and mechanism of the PD-1/PD-L1 immunocheckpoint, as well as research progress on its inhibitors in the treatment of HNSCC.