细胞减灭术+腹腔热灌注化疗治疗腹膜假黏液瘤—单中心854例经验总结

目的:腹膜假黏液瘤(pseudomyxoma peritonei,PMP)是一种罕见的临床综合征,细胞减灭术(cytoreductive surgery,CRS)联合腹腔热灌注化疗(hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,HIPEC)因其良好的治疗效果已经成为各中心公认的标准治疗方案,航天中心医院从2008年开始致力于PMP患者诊治工作,2016年开始将全腹膜切除应用于临床,本研究通过对既往资料进行收集整理,对PMP治疗经验进行总结。方法:回顾分析2008年1月到2019年1月航天中心医院腹膜假黏液瘤中心收治并接受手术治疗的PMP患者临床资料及随访结果。对所有患者的手术方式、根治程度及并发症发生情况等临床资料进行搜集整理,并通过随访结果对相关因素进行生存分析,了解CRS+HIPEC在PMP治疗中的临床价值,同时对腹膜切除技术治疗效果进行评价。结果:共纳入854例患者,平均年龄50岁,中位改良腹膜肿瘤指数(peritoneal cancer index,PCI)为29,其中25.5%的患者接受了根治性手术切除,细胞减灭程度(completeness of cytoreduction,CC)达到0或1。总体并发症发生率为21.7%,围术期死亡率为1.1%。自2016年引进腹膜切除技术后,本中心达CC-0/1的比例由14.3%升至36.5%,且并发症发生率显著下降(16.8%vs.28.8%,P<0.001)。总体而言,CC-0/1的患者5年和10年生存率分别为77%、64.3%,显著优于CC-2/3患者的45.8%、39.4%。在未达根治的患者中,CC-2和CC-3患者10年生存率也存在明显差异(45.5%vs.34.5%,P=0.006)。对总体生存进行分析,改良腹膜肿瘤指数、手术方式、术中是否行热灌注治疗、病理级别、CA125水平均为影响术后生存的独立危险因素。结论:细胞减灭术+腹腔热灌注化疗治疗腹膜假黏液瘤安全有效,腹膜切除技术可显著提高根治程度并降低并发症风险;对于无法达到根治切除的患者,最大限度的减瘤亦可延长远期生存。

Cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for pseudomyxoma peritonei: a single-center experience with 854 patients

  Objective  Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare clinical syndrome. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is gradually being accepted as the standard treatment for PMP. At Aerospace Hospital, we have been treating patients with PMP since 2008 and performing total peritoneal resection since 2016. This study summarizes the experience at our center and collates past data.  Methods  We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of all patients who had undergone CRS and HIPEC for PMP at our center. Clinical data, such as the surgical approach, completeness of cytoreduction, and surgical complications, were collected. The results from follow-up were analyzed to simultaneously evaluate the clinical value of CRS+HIPEC and peritonectomy procedures.  Results  A total of 854 consecutive patients with PMP were included in the study. Their mean age was 50 years. The median modified peritoneal cancer index (PCI) was 29. Of the patients, 25.5% underwent radical surgery with complete cytoreduction (CC) 0/1. The overall complication rate was 21.7%, and the perioperative mortality rate was 1.1%. Since the adoption of peritonectomy from 2016, the proportion of patients who underwent CC-0/1 at our center increased from 14.3% to 36.5%, and the incidence of complications decreased significantly (16.8% vs. 28.8%, P < 0.001). The 5- and 10- year survival rates of patients who had undergone CC-0/1 were 77% and 64.3%, respectively, which were significantly better than those of patients who had undergone CC-2/3 (45.8% and 39.4%, respectively). There was also a significant difference in the survival rate between patients who had undergone CC-2 and those who had undergone CC-3 (10-year OS 45.5% vs. 34.5%, P=0.006). The modified PCI, surgical approach, intraoperative HIPEC, pathological grade, and CA125 levels were independent risk factors for postoperative overall survival.  Conclusions  CRS+HIPEC is a safe and effective treatment for PMP. The technique of peritoneal resection can significantly improve the degree of radical care, while reducing the risks of complications. For patients in whom radical resection cannot be achieved, maximal tumor reduction may also prolong long-term survival.