铁路车辆段工人神经行为功能研究

目的　研究车辆段工人，尤其是重金属烟尘接触对其神经行为功能的影响。方法　按照 ＷＨＯ 推荐的神经行为核心测试组合，对３４１ 名车辆段工人进行测试。结果　以重金属铅、锰烟尘接触较为严重的熔接工、锻工、铆工、挂瓦工的神经行为功能受到的影响最为严重，表现为不仅５ 项有害情感状态指标的得分显著增高，而且数字跨度、手提敏捷度以及目标追踪速度也受到了不良影响。油线处理工人主要是手提转速度及目标追踪受到了明显影响。电焊烟尘接触最重的熔接工与其他工种工人比较，可见神经行为多项指标均以熔接工受累为重。结论　在铁路车辆段工人中，应将重金属烟尘接触者作为职业危害监护的重点人群

Study of neurobehavioral functions on the workers of railway rolling-stock repairing plant

Objective To study the occupational effects on neurobehavioral functions of the workers who worked in the railway rolling-stock repairing plant,especially on those with a heavy metal fume exposure.Method 341 workers were selected according to the random cluster sampling method propesed by WHO,Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (NCTB) was used to detect the neurobehavioral functions.Results Workers,who had the more heavy metal fume exposure chance,for instance,welder,hammerman,riveter and hanging lead tile man,seemed to have the more adverse effects to their neurobehavioral functions.Not only the scores of five negative mood states were significant higher than those of controls ( P <0.01),adverse effects were also found on digit span,santa ana manual dexterity and benton visual retention indexes.Oil wire handling workers had mainly adverse effects in Santa Ana manual dexterity and Benton visual retention indexes.Conclusion In the railway rolling-stock repairing plant,workers with heavy metal fume exposure should be taken as a major occupational surveillance population.