成都市10家综合性医院环境表面病原菌检测结果分析

目的了解医院环境表面病原菌分布状况,为科学开展日常消毒工作提供依据。方法按照GB 15982-2012《医院消毒卫生标准》,于2018-03/2019-03对成都市10家二级以上医院诊疗活动中的高频接触物体表面采样。分离出的细菌使用VITEK2全自动细菌鉴定系统进行菌种鉴定,所得数据采用Fisher确切概率算法进行统计分析检验水准为α=0.05。结果共采集标本118件,有53件检出病原菌,三级医院的病原菌检出率高于二级医院。医院不同类别环境,病原菌检出率存在差别,Ⅱ类环境中的床单元和公共用品病原菌检出率低于Ⅱ类环境中的同类物品。检出病原菌121株,革兰阴性菌前3位的是阴沟肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍氏不动杆菌。革兰阳性菌以血浆凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肠球菌为主。结论成都市10家综合性医院环境表面病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,为医院感染常见病原菌,应加强医院尤其重点科室床单元和公共用品的环境清洁消毒工作。

A Study for Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria From Object Surfaces in Hospitals of Ten General Hospitals in Chengdu

Objective To understand the distribution of pathogenic bacteria from object surfaces in hospitals of Chengdu,and to provide basis for the scientific development of daily disinfection work.Methods According to GB 15982-2012"Hygienic standard for disinfection in hospitals",the surface of high frequency contact objects in the diagnosis and treatment activities from 10 levelⅡhospitals of Chengdu was sampled during March 2018 to March 2019.The pathogens were identified by VITEK2 automatic bacterial identification system.Results There were total 118 specimens,53 of them were detected pathogenic bacteria.The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria of the tertiary hospital was higher than that of the secondary hospital.The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in bed unit and public goods in classⅡenvironment was lower than that of the same kind of articles in classⅢenvironment.121 strains of the pathogenic bacteria were detected.Enterobacter cloacae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were the top three gram negative bacteria.Gram positive bacteria were mainly coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Enterococcus.Conclusion The main pathogens on the surface of hospital environment in Chengdu are Gram-negative bacteria,which are common pathogens of hospital infection.It is necessary to strengthen the environmental cleaning and disinfection of bed units and public goods in key departments.