Hepatoprotective effect of the selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, eplerenone against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

Background. Eplerenone is a selective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, and its potential protective role in cardiovascular injury has been reported by several studies. However, whether and how this drug can ameliorate hepatic injury in rats is unknown.Material and methods. The present study was conducted to investigate effect of eplerenone against liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) in rats. The biochemical liver function tests and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), in addition to the reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated. Moreover, serum tumor necrotic factors (TNF-α) level and histopathological changes were examined.Results. Our results show that pre-treatment with eplerenone (4 mg/kg per day for 4 weeks) revealed attenuation in serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase, (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin levels that were enhanced by CCl₄. Further, pre-treatment with eplerenone inhibited the elevated hepatic MDA content and restored hepatic GSH to its normal level. The enhanced hepatic ROS production in CCl₄-treated group was markedly decreased by eplerenone administration. Eple-renone pre-treatment significantly attenuated the inflammatory responses caused by CCl₄ as evident by the decreased serum TNF-α level. Histopathological studies showed that eplerenone alleviated the liver damage and reduced the lesions caused by CCl₄.Conclusion. Collectively, the present study provides a proof to hepatoprotective actions of eplerenone via reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in CCl₄-induced liver damage in rat model.