护生职业防护现状调查

为了解实习护士职业防护现状，采用问卷对215名实习护士进行经血液传播疾病的知识、职业防护行为及医疗锐器刺伤发生率的调查。内容主要包括：有关经血液传播疾病的知识、乙型肝炎疫苗接种、手套使用情况、污染针头的处理、洗手技术、医疗锐器刺伤及其处理。结果：护生对经血液传播疾病的危害有一定的认识，但防护措施不力，有48．8％的护生在临床实习时未接种乙肝疫苗，在做可能接触血液、体液的操作时戴手套的频率低。护生在操作中被针刺伤率达72．6％，与针刺意外相关的操作有将针头套回针帽、处置用过的针头、注射及冲洗针头时。提示，为避免护生职业感染的危险，对她们进入临床实习前进行经血液传播疾病的职业防护培训非常必要。

A Survey of Occupation Protection Status of Nursing Students

To understand the status quo of occupational protection of probationer nurses, 215 nurses were asked to fill out a questionnaire. Items and contents include the knowledge about diseases spread via blood, occupational protection behavior, incidence of stabbed by sharp medical utensils, vaccination of hepatitis B, using of the gloves, handling of the contaminated needles, and hands washing of nurses. Results showed that probationer nurses had some knowledge about the spread diseases via blood, but the protection measures were not good enough. Overall 48. 8 % of nursing students have had hepatitis B vaccination. It was less common to wear the gloves when they conducted manipulations that may come in contact with the blood and body fluids. The incidence of probationer nurses stabbed by needles in manipulations accounted for 72.6% . Suggested that to lessen the risk of occupational infection of nursing students, it is necessary to carry out the occupational protection training on diseases spread via blood in nursing students before they start their clinical practice.