轨迹法在超声诊断肾积水中的应用

目的　探讨运用轨迹法得到的肾积水无回声区与肾的面积比值大小和两者形态在超声诊断肾积水程度中的临床应用价值。方法　 (1)在超声检查肾诸多的冠状切面中选取清晰、完整地显示肾、肾积水无回声区、肾门切面停帧。 (有输尿管扩张的应显示部分输尿管 ) ;(2 )运用轨迹法分别对肾及肾积水无回声区外周轮廓进行描绘 ,得到两个封闭的曲线及两曲线围成的面积 ;(3)运用轨迹法测量出的两者面积求出积水无回声区与肾的面积比值 ;(4)主要根据面积比值大小结合积水无回声区形态对肾积水程度作出诊断 ,并用其动态观察疗效。结果　 (1)可运用轨迹法面积比值大小粗略地、定量评估肾积水程度 ,<2 0 %为轻度肾积水 ,2 0 %～ 5 0 %为中度肾积水 ,5 0 %～ 90 %为重度肾积水 ,>90 %为巨大型肾积水。 (2 )轨迹法可形象地描述肾及肾积水无回声两者的形态并反映实质受压情况。 (3)可运用轨迹法动态观察 ,判定疗效。结论　运用轨迹法超声可对肾积水程度作出粗略地、定量评估 ,形象的形态描绘 ,可为临床诊治肾积水提供帮助

Application of Area-trace in Ultrosonic Diagnosis of Nephrydrosis

Objective To study the clinical applicative value of ultrosonic diagnosis on the degree of nephrydrosis with the area's rate between the non echo ranges of nephrydrosis and the nephros and the shapes of them. Methods 1. We clearly and completely selected a coronal section that showed the nephros and the non echo of the nephrydrosis, then paused it (The coronal section with expanded ureters should show nephric gate). 2. We drawed the shapes of the nephros and the non echo ranges of the nephrydrosis, and could gain two closed Lines and their areas with Area trace. 3. We calculated the area's rate between the non echo ranges of the nephrydrosis and the nephros that measured with Area trace. 4. We diagnosed the degree of the nephrydrosis according to the area's rate and the shapes of them, and observed their effects constantly. Results 1. We could approximately and quantitively diagnose the degree of the nephrydrosis: the slight mode (<20%), the middle mode (20～50%), the serious mode (50～90%), the large mode (>90%). 2. We could draw the both shapes of the non echo ranges of nephryarosis and the nephros, and reflected the nephros cortex pressed. 3. We could observe their effects constantly. Conclusion We could approximately and quantitively diagnose the degree of the nephrydrosis with Area trace, draw their shapes likely, help the clinical diagnosis.