北京市人工流产妇女婚育与避孕状况调查分析

目的:为分析导致北京市人工流产(简称人流)的诸因素,研讨降低人流率的综合性对策。方法:应用流行病学方法,随机抽取20家调查单位,整群抽取1998年9月1～30日期间在调查单位行人工流产的3163例妇女,进行全面调查、填表,全部数据编码入机,用spss软件作统计分析。结果:人流妇女年龄以20～29岁者居多(66％),文化程度以中专、高中居多(41.0％),职业以商业、服务业者最多(27.7％),本市户籍妇女占68.9％,外埠占31.1％,已婚妇女占76.5％,未婚占23.5％,外埠妇女未婚者达38.2％,本次人流以妊娠2次者居多(30.6％),未产妇占56.1％,妊娠12周内早期人流占95.8％,妊娠原因以未采用避孕措施者居多(54.9％),避孕失败者为45.1％。结论:外地来京妇女数量庞大,避孕知识缺乏;避孕率低是导致人流率高的主要原因,未婚人流则为重要原因;同时显示避孕方法还需改进。应加强对外地来京人员的计划生育管理和服务,加强计划生育宣传教育,大力开展计划生育优质服务并改进技术服务。

Study on the Marital and Contraceptive Status of Women with Induced Abortion in Beijing.

Objective: To analyze the reasons of induced abortion and to find a comprehensive strategy to decrease the abortion rate. Method: By means of the epidemic methology to apply face to face survey using questionnaires to 3 163 women from the randomly chosen 20 enterprises with induced abortion during the period from August 1, 1998 to August 30, 1998 chosen by cluster sampling. To employ SPSS to analyze the data. Results: 66% of the total aged between 20 to 29. 41% are on the high school educational level,27. 7% are trading and service staff,68. 9% are Beijing residens, 31. 1% are guest population, 76. 5% are married, 23. 4% are unmarried, 38. 2% are unmarried guest population. 30. 6% of the total abortion are the second pregnancy, 56. 1% are the first, 95. 8% are within the early period (12 weeks) of pregnancy. 54. 9% of the unwanted pregnancy are due to non-contraceptive, 45. 1% are con- traceptive failure. Conclusion: The high abortion rate is due to the large quantity of guest population women, lack of contraceptive knowledge, low contraceptive rate, unmarried pregnancy and contraceptive failure. Strategy: To enhance the family planning work and service to the guest population, IEC work and to carry out family planning quality service and technical service.