眼科门诊儿童患者干眼流行病学特征分析

目的:研究眼科门诊儿童患者干眼发病率,分析干眼发病与儿童年龄、视觉显示终端使用及结膜炎的相关性。方法:顺序统计眼科门诊儿童患者(7~13岁)128例,采用改良的眼表疾病指数(OSDI)调查表及泪膜破裂时间(BUT)评价干眼患病率及严重程度。结果:本组儿童总体干眼患病率为19.5%,其中7~10岁组儿童64例,干眼患病率为15.6%;11~13岁组儿童64例,干眼患病率为23.4%。7~10岁组儿童OSDI平均为1.55±0.61,11~13岁组儿童OSDI平均为2.15±0.83,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。7~10岁组儿童BUT平均为12.05±3.25s,11~13岁组儿童BUT平均为10.05±2.97s,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。每天使用视觉显示终端超过2h组儿童干眼患病率为43.3%,对照组为12.2%;近3mo曾患结膜炎组儿童干眼患病率为26.3%,对照组为8.3%;组间OSDI及BUT差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:相当一部分儿童患者合并干眼,其发生与患儿年龄、过度使用视觉显示终端及罹患结膜炎相关。

Analysis on epidemiologic feature of dry eye in ophthalmologic pediatric outpatients

AIM: To study the incidence of dry eye among clinic pediatric patients, and to analyze the correlation between pediatric dry eye and age, video display terminals(VDT)and conjunctivitis.

METHODS: There were 128 cases of ophthalmology pediatric outpatients(7-13 years)enrolled in this study in an order-statistic manner. Modified ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire and the tear film breakup time(BUT)were used to evaluate the prevalence of dry eye and severity.

RESULTS: The overall prevalence of dry eye in this study was 19.5%, of which 64 cases(15.6%)of children belongs to 7-10 years old group; another 64 cases(23.4%)of children belongs to 11-13 years old group. OSDI averaged 2.15±0.83 in 11-13 years old group, which was higher than that of 7-10 years old group(1.55±0.61). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). In contrast, BUT averaged 10.05±2.97s in 11-13 years old group, which was shorter than that of 7-10 years old group(12.05±3.25s). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Those children who used visual display terminals over 2h every day had dry eye prevalence higher than that of the control group(43.3% vs 12.2%). Similarly, those who suffered from conjunctivitis during the recently three months had dry eye prevalence higher than that of the control group(26.3% vs 8.3%). The differences of OSDI and BUT between groups of each case were statistically significant(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: A considerable number of pediatric patients suffered from dry eye. Growing age, excessive use of visual display terminals and conjunctivitis are important risk factors.