新型重氮胶乳凝集试验快速检测抗结核杆菌抗体的研究

目的 探索检测抗结核杆菌抗体的简便、快速、敏感的方法，作为结核病实验室诊断的新手段，并考核其应用价值。方法 应用自行制备的新型免疫载体重氮乳胶与纯化的结核菌蛋白衍生物PPD交联，制成免疫重氮乳凝诊断试剂（DLAT）。采用简便的玻片凝集法检测血清标本中的抗结核抗体，肉眼观察结果，3min内出现凝集颗粒者判为阳性。以DLAT与酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）平行检测127例结核病患者血清抗结核抗体，同时以PCR检测患者宰标本结核杆菌DNA。结果 DLAT、ELISA和PCR检测阳性率分别为48．8％、50．4％和53．5％，三者之间无显著性差异（P＞0．05），DLAT与ELISA和PCR的检出总符合率分别为98．4％，92．1％。结论 DLAT检测抗结核抗体具有简便、敏感、快速的特点，可作为结核病感染的血清学过筛方法，尤其适合基层单位开展。

STUDY ON RAPID DETECTION OF ANTI-MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS ANTIBODY WITH NEWLY DIAZOPOLYSTYRENE LATEX AGGLUTINATION TEST

Aim To investigate a simple, rapid and sensitive methods for detecting the antibody against tuberculosis.And while the application value of the methods was identified.Methods We used diazopolystyrene latex as a carrier,and coupled with purificated antigen of Mycobacteriu Tuberculosis,the reagent was made successfully for anti-TB antibody detection by simple slide agglutination test.By this method,the result was obtained in only 3 min.Results The positive rates detected with DLAT,ELISA,or PCR were 48.8%,50.4% or 53.5% in 127 pulmonary tuberculosis patients,respectively,which were not significantly different in same patients (P>0.05).The corresponding rates of the between DLAT and ELISA,or DLAT and PCR were 98.4%,92.1% respectively.Conclusion DLAT is characterized with simple sensitive and rapid method detecting the antibody againast tuberculosis.It is suggested that DLAT can be of choice for serum screening for Mycobacteriu Tuberculosis infection,especially be suitable to apply in field.