肺静脉开口面积及左心房容积指数与房颤患者血栓栓塞风险的相关性研究

目的：探讨肺静脉开口面积及左心房容积指数与房颤患者血栓栓塞风险的相关性。方法连续纳入206例非瓣膜性房颤患者，计算 CHADS2评分和 CHA2 DS2-VASc 评分，将评分为0分、1分和≥2分者分别归入低危组、中危组、高危组。根据经食管超声心动图和脑 CT 检查结果，将所有患者分为血栓组和非血栓组。应用肺静脉多层螺旋 CT（multi-slice spiral com-puted tomography，MSCT）测量左上肺静脉、左下肺静脉、右上肺静脉及右下肺静脉的开口面积；运用经胸心脏彩色多普勒超声测量左心房上下径、前后径及左右径，计算左心房容积指数（left atrial volume index，LAVI）。采用 Spearman 等级相关性分析，分析肺静脉开口面积及 LAVI 与血栓栓塞风险计分的相关性，通过 ROC 曲线比较各项指标对非瓣膜性房颤患者血栓栓塞的预测价值。结果（1）CHADS2评分低危、中危、高危患者分别有73例（35．4％）、82例（39．8％）和51例（24．8％），而在 CHA2 DS2-VASc 评分下，各组分别有41例（19．9％）、67例（32．5％）和98例（47．6％）。LAVI、左上肺静脉开口面积、左下肺静脉开口面积、右上肺静脉开口面积、肺静脉开口总面积与 CHADS2评分及 CHA2 DS2-VASc 评分均存在显著相关性。（2）LAVI、左上肺静脉开口面积、左下肺静脉开口面积及肺静脉开口总面积对非瓣膜性房颤患者血栓栓塞风险的预测有诊断价值。结论心脏超声测得的 LAVI、MSCT 测得的肺静脉开口面积与CHADS2评分及 CHA2 DS2-VASc 评分存在相关性。这些指标对非瓣膜性房颤患者血栓栓塞风险具有一定的预测价值。

The correlation of pulmonary vein ostium area and left atrial volume index with the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation

Objective To investigate the correlation of pulmonary vein ostium area and left atrial volume index(LAVI)with the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF). Methods A total of 206 non-valvular AF patients were continuously included in our study.Accord-ing to CHADS2 and CHA2 DS2-VASc scores,those scoring zero,1 point and no less than 2 points were divided into low-risk,average-risk and high-risk groups,respectively.All the patients were classified into thrombosis group and non-thrombosis group based on the results by transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)and brain computed tomography(CT).By the technology of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT),the ostium areas of left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV),left inferior pulmonary vein (LIPV),right superior pulmonary vein(RSPV)and right inferior pulmonary vein(RIPV)were measured.By transthoracic Doppler echocardiography,the upper and lower diam-eter,anteroposterior diameter,and left and right diameters of left atrium were measured while LAVI was calculated.By Spearman rank correlation analysis,the correlation of pulmonary vein ostium are-a and LAVI with the scores of thromboembolism risk was investigated.The clinical value of each in-dex in predicting thromboembolism of non-valvular AF patients was compared via ROC curve.Re-sults (i)According to CHADS2 scores,there were 73 cases(35.4%)in low-risk group,82 (39.8%)in average-risk group and 51 (24.8%)in high-risk group while according to CHA2 DS2-VASc scores,there were 41 cases(1 9.9%),67 cases(32.5%)and 98 cases(47.6%)separately in the three groups.LAVI,area of LSPV ostium,area of LIPV ostium,area of RSPV ostium and the total area of pulmonary vein ostium were significantly correlated with both CHADS2 and CHA2 DS2-VASc scores.(ii)LAVI,area of LSPV ostium,area of LIPV ostium and the total area of pulmonary vein ostium had diagnostic value in predicting the risk of thromboembolic events among non-valvular AF patients.Conclusion LAVI measured by TEE and area of pulmonary vein ostium by MSCT were correlated with CHADS2 and CHA2 DS2-VASc scores.These indices have some predictive value for thromboembolism risk of non-valvular AF patients.