都江堰地区美沙酮门诊吸毒人群丙肝、梅毒抗体检测分析

目的探讨都江堰地区吸毒人员的社会学特征及其丙肝、梅毒的感染情况。方法对都江堰市精神卫生中心美沙酮门诊的120位吸毒人员发放调查问卷,并抽取静脉血检测丙肝抗体、梅毒抗体。结果本调查发现都江堰地区的吸毒人群存在几个显著特点:①吸食的毒品以海洛因为主;②低龄化吸毒现象较为突出:初次吸食毒品在18岁以下的占17.50%(21/120);③无业人员占74.17%(89/120),初中以下文化程度占75.00%(90/120);④情感、婚姻问题成为吸毒主要诱因,未婚、离异及丧偶共占62.50%(75/120);⑤调查的吸毒人员女性梅毒阳性率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);丙肝阳性率性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论针对都江堰地区吸毒人员特点,重点应做好以下工作:①关注高危人群,进一步提高其对毒品及相关疾病的认识,以减少其对药物的依赖,并保持有效的控制体系;②倡导社会和家人帮助吸毒人员回归社会,重新树立对生活的希望;③从小加强对毒品的宣传教育,增强全民禁毒意识。

Survey of Drug Addicts in Methadone Outpatient in Dujiangyan Area

Objective To investigate the sociological characteristics of the drug users in Dujiangyan Region and their infection characteristics of hepoditis C and syphilis.Methods This paper surveyed 120 drug addicts of Methadone outpatient of Mental Health Center in Dujiangyan,and venous blood were drawn to detect hepatitis C antibodies and syphilis antibodies.Results The results revealed several notable features of the drug users in Dujiangyan:①The most Abused drug is heroin;②Drug addiction in teens was more prominent,Minor of drug addict for first time accounted for 17.50%(21/120);③Unemployed accounted for 74.17%(89/120).75.00% participants had not completed middle(elementary) school;④62.50%(75/120)of the abusers were associated with the emotional issues or marital status,and they were single,divorced or widowed;⑤ There was significant difference in syphilis infections rate in terms of gender.The syphilis infections rate in female was higher than in male(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in hepatitis C infection rate between men and women(P>0.05).Conclusion Three essential works should be taken in order to prevent the drug abuse in Dujiangyan distinct:First of all,We should seriously concern high risk group of people and further raise the knowledge of the drug and related diseases to reduce the dependence of drug,and maintain an effective control system.Second,the community and family should pay more attention to help drug abuser to reclaim their lives from heroin and look forward to the future.Finally,From childhood to strengthen publicity and education on drugs,and strengthen the public anti-drug awareness.