不同性别早发急性冠脉综合征患者危险因素和冠脉造影特点的对比研究

目的探讨早发急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者的危险因素和冠状动脉病变特点的性别差异。方法将临床确诊为早发ACS的患者123例分为男性组66例（年龄〈55岁）和女性组57例（年龄〈65岁）进行病例对照研究。对两组患者的相关临床资料进行回顾性统计分析，比较二者的冠状动脉病变特点、血脂水平、高血压史、糖尿病史、冠心病家族史、吸烟史和饮酒史等，评价其是否存在差异性。结果在早发ACS患者中，女性组高血压及冠心病家族史阳性率均明显高于男性组，差异有统计学意义（77．19％比38．88％，68．42％1：L33．33％，P〈0．01，P〈0．01），而男性组吸烟率明显增加（P〈0．01）。糖尿病、高脂血症、既往脑卒中史两组差异无统计学意义。两组冠脉病变均以单支病变为主，两组间病变特征差异无统计学意义。结论在早发ACS患者中，患病危险因素存在性别差异，高血压及早发冠心病家族史是女性患者的主要危险因素，而吸烟是男性患者的主要危险因素。两组冠脉造影病变特点差异无统计学意义。

Sexual difference of risk factors and angiographic findings in patient with premature acute coronary syndrome:a comparative study

Objective Aim to investigate the sexual difference of risk factors and angiographic findings in patient with premature acute coronary syndrome. Methods 123 patients with premature acute coronary syndrome （ACS）were divided into male（〈55 years old, n=66）, female（〈65 years old, n=67）. The risk factors of premature ACS and the features of coronary lesions were illustrated. Results Compared with male premature acute coronary syndrome patients, female premature acute coronary syndrome patients had significantly higher hypertension and family history rate （77.19% vs 38.88%, 68.42% vs 33.33%, P〈0.01, P〈0.01）, and lower smoking rate （ 12.28% vs 69.69%, P〈0.01 ）. There was no difference about the rate of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipoidemia, cerebral infraction. There were more patients had single vessel lesion, and no significantly difference of vessel lesion in each group. Conclusion In premature acute coronary syndrome patients, smoking is main risk factor in male, and hypertension and family history are the main risk factors in female. There is no significantly difference of vessel lesion in each group.