超声早期诊断类风湿关节炎

类风湿关节炎是一种以慢性破坏性关节病变为特征的自身免疫性疾病,临床、实验室检查与放射学检查对早期诊断的作用有限。高频灰阶超声软组织分辨力较高,能够区分渗出性和增殖性滑膜病变;能量多普勒超声有助于区分活动性和非活动性关节病变;CEUS可提高检出滑膜增厚、滑膜血管增生等病变的敏感性。超声检出骨侵蚀的能力优于放射学检查,还可随访和监测治疗效果。

Application of ultrasound in early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, autoimmune disorder that attacks synovial joints. In early stage, both of clinical manifestations and laboratory tests provide limited information, while ultrasound shows changes of synovium and bone erosion, which may not be found by using radiologic examinations. High-frequency ultrasound can distinguish exudative from proliferative synovitis. Power Doppler and CEUS help to detect active joint disease, which shows synovial thickening and angiogenesis. Ultrasound depicts more erosions than conventional radiography, and can be used to follow up and monitor treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.