建筑行业的中老年女性骨密度测量结果分析

本文对建筑行业４０岁以上近２００名中老年女职工进行了骨密度（ＢＭＤ）测定。根据工作环境及工作性质、年龄及体重／身高２（ｋｇ／ｍ２）比值等分别进行分组。经过询问病史及必要的体检，以除去患有各种系统疾病者，除去长期服用雌激素及各种钙制剂者。采用国产单光子骨密度（ＢＭＤ）测量仪测量受检者非优势臂桡、尺骨中远端１／３交界处，并计算出骨密度（ＢＭＤ）值。结果显示：（１）半室内半室外半体力半脑力组的骨密度（ＢＭＤ）值即显著高于室内脑力组，又显著高于室内体力组。（２）建筑行业女职工同样随着年龄的增大而出现骨密度降低。（３）骨密度（ＢＭＤ）值与体重／身高２（ｋｇ／ｍ２）比值在一定范围内呈正相关。提示人体的骨密度（ＢＭＤ）值的高低、骨矿含量的多少不仅受年龄、身高、体重等内在因素影响，而工作环境、工作性质对人体的骨矿含量的多少同样起着不可忽视的作用。

Bone mineral densities in middle-aged and old women workers in Building Industry

This paper presents the bone mineral densities in about 200 middle-aged and old women workers over 40 years old working in the building industry. They were divided into five groups, based on their work environment,kind of work,age,and ratio of body weight to squared height. Their physical examination was conducted and medical history was taken. Those who had systemic diseases and took female hormone for long time or took calcium preparation for treatment were excluded from this group.Bone mineral density was measured at the radiol site (junction of the middle and distal thirds) of nondominant foreasm using single photon absorptiometry and the bone density values were calculated.The results are as follows. (1)The bone mineral density in the group who worked half time in office,half time in building site and who did half time in physical labour and half time mental labour was markedly higher not only than that in mental labour group working in office,but also than that in physical labour group working in office;and the bone mineral density in physical labour group working in building sites was markedly higher than that in mental labour group working in office. (2) The bone mineral density in women workers in the building industry decreased with increasing age. (3) The bone mineral density correlated positively with the ratio of weight to squared height. It is suggested that bone mineral density and bone mineral content are influenced not only by age, height and weight,but also by work environment and kind of work.