Gut and airways relaxant effects of Carum roxburghianum |
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Authors: | Khan Munasib Khan Arif-ullah Najeeb-ur-Rehman Gilani Anwarul-Hassan |
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Affiliation: | Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi-74800, Pakistan. |
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Abstract: | Ethnopharmacological relevanceCarum roxburghianum is traditionally used in hyperactive gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. The present study was carried out to investigate the possible gut and airways relaxant potential of Carum roxburghianum to rationalize its folk uses.Materials and methodsCrude extract of Carum roxburghianum (Cr.Cr) was studied in in vivo and in vitro techniques.ResultsCr.Cr exhibited protective effect against castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice at 100–1000 mg/kg. In rabbit jejunum preparations, Cr.Cr (0.03–3.0 mg/mL) caused relaxation of spontaneous and K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions at similar concentrations, like papaverine. Pretreatment of tissues with Cr.Cr (0.1–1.0 mg/mL) shifted Ca++ concentration–response curves (CRCs) to right, like verapamil. Cr.Cr (0.03 and 0.1 mg/mL) caused leftward shift of isoprenaline-induced inhibitory CRCs, similar to papaverine. In isolated guinea-pig ileum, Cr.Cr (0.01 and 0.03 mg/mL) produced rightward parallel shift of acetylcholine-curves, like atropine. Cr.Cr (1.0–30 mg/kg) caused suppression of carbachol (CCh, 100 μg/kg)-induced increase in inspiratory pressure of anaesthetized rats. In guinea-pig trachea, Cr.Cr (0.03–1.0 mg/mL) relaxed CCh and high K+-induced contractions, shifted isoprenaline-induced inhibitory CRCs to left at 0.1 and 0.3 mg/mL and CCh-curves parallel to right (0.01 and 0.03 mg/mL). Cr.Cr did not cause any mortality of mice up to 10 g/kg dose.ConclusionThese results indicate that Carum roxburghianum possess combination of antidiarrheal, antispasmodic and bronchodilatory effects, which provides pharmacological basis to its traditional use in the disorders of gut and airways hyperactivity, like diarrhea, colic and asthma. |
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Keywords: | ACh, acetylcholine ANOVA, analysis of variance CaCl2, calcium chloride CCh, carbachol CI, confidence interval C.oil, castor oil CRCs, concentration–response curves EC50, median effective concentration EDTA, ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid Cr.Cr, Carum roxburghianum KCl, potassium chloride KH2PO4, potassium dihydrogen phosphate KPK, Khyber PakhtunKhwa MgCl2, magnesium chloride MgSO4, magnesium sulfate mmHg, millimeter of mercury n, number of experiments NaCl, sodium chloride NaH2PO4, sodium dihydrogen phosphate NaHCO3, sodium bicarbonate p.o., Persa ora (oral) SEM, standard error mean |
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