北京市重点人群应急救护知识、信念、行为及其影响因素研究

目的 了解北京市部分广泛接触公众、可能成为“第一响应人”带动全社会学习应急救护的重点人群知识、信念和行为现状及其影响因素,为促进应急救护工作发展提供科学依据。方法 本研究是基于“应急救护能力建设培训项目”的横断面调查,于2021年10月至2022年3月采用整群抽样对北京市部分重点人群培训后进行应急救护知识、信念和行为及其影响因素的问卷调查。结果 共调查9 591人,10个应急救护题目中,正确率最高的为急救电话号码（98.58%）,正确率最低的为中暑的判断方法（32.00%）,应急救护的定义和法律免责条款正确率较低（63.61%和75.91%）。研究对象对亲人、朋友、陌生人和流浪者不同心理距离人群的施救意愿不同（χ²=822.82,P<0.001）,对其他各组的施救意愿均高于流浪者（P<0.05）,随着心理距离递增,施救意愿呈下降趋势（Z=-26.57,P<0.001）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄大、家庭年收入高和应急救护知识正确率高者,施救意愿更高。曾遇紧急情况的1 529人中,仅66人（4.32%）未采取任何施救行为。结论 北京市重点人群培训后应急救护知识和信念水平均较高,施救行为实施率高,年龄、家庭年收入和应急救护知识水平是影响施救意愿的因素。

Knowledge, attitude and practice about first aid and influencing factors in key populations in Beijing: a large cross-sectional study

Objective To investigate the status of knowledge, attitude and practice about first aid and influencing factors in key population, those who have frequent contacts with people and might be "first aid" promoter in general population of Beijing, and provide evidences for the promotion of first aid. Methods This study was a cross-sectional survey based on the "Emergency Rescue Capacity Training Project". Using cluster sampling, we recruited 9 591 participants after the training in Beijing for survey with a self-designed questionnaire from October 2021 to March 2022.Results In 9 591 participants, 98.58% knew the emergency call number, while only 32.00% knew how to identify sunstroke. The awareness rate of the definition of first aid and legal disclaimer were lower (63.61%, 75.91%). People''s willingness to give first aid to others, including relative, acquaintance, stranger and vagrant, were different (χ²=822.82, P<0.001). People were more likely to give first aid to relative, acquaintance and stranger compared with vagrant (P<0.05). With the increase of psychological distance, the willingness to give first aid decreased (Z=-26.57, P<0.001). According to the results of Logistic regression analysis, older age, higher annual family income and higher awareness of first aid related knowledge were contributing factors for giving first aid. In 1 529 people who met emergency, only 66 people (4.32%)did not give any first aid. Conclusions The key population in Beijing has high awareness of first aid related knowledge and positive attitude of first aid after training. A high proportion of people performed first aid to others. Age, annual family income and awareness of first aid related knowledge were contributing factors for giving first aid.