Forensic medical characteristics of firearm exit wounds in cases with armour protection |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 119991, St. Trubetskaya, 8, Bldg., Moscow, Russia;2. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh 160030, India;3. Department of Medical and Criminalistic Identification of the Federal State Institution 111, Main State Centre for Forensic Medicine and Forensic Medicine of the Ministry of Defence of Russia, Russia;4. Department of Forensic Medicine, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 119991 St. Trubetskaya, 8, Bldg., Moscow, Russia;1. Department of Law, Institute of Legal Medicine (AgEstimation Project), University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy;2. Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB 58051900, Brazil;3. Department of Radiological Sciences, Ospedali Riuniti, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy;4. School of Law, Legal Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy;5. Department of Forensic Medicine, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation;6. AgEstimation Project, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Molise, Italy;1. Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Field of Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;2. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Field of Human and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;3. Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, 454 Bosomworth HSRB, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;4. Department of Gross Anatomy, Field of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;5. Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan;1. School of Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;2. First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450046, China;1. Legal Medicine, Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;2. Department G.F. Ingrassia, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;1. Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany;2. Diagnostic Centre Göttingen, Radiological Clinic, Göttingen, Germany;3. Institute for Forensic Medicine, University of Essen, Essen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe very limited literature about the characteristic morphology of the firearm ammunition wounds in the body armored victims led authors to conduct an experimental study to understand this issue of great forensic and medico-legal importance.PurposeAn autopsy of a male sniper was fraught with a challenge to differentiate between a firearm ammunition entry and exit wound. He was wearing body armour when shot at during a hostage rescue operation. The study was conducted to standardize the findings and answer the queries in such cases of forearms with inherent legal implications.MethodologyThe modifying effect of the clothing and the armour on the firearm injuries in humans was studied by test firings on animal (pig) cadaver tissues, which has closest simulation to the human body tissues. These firings were preceded by X-ray fluorescence, and followed by stereoscopic and spectroscopic examinations. All the events were recorded by the high-resolution video camera shoots.ResultsAn extensive cavitation in the form of a cone shaped crater, and a tissue defect with precipitated edges and patching of the epidermal layers indicated a firearm entry and exit wound, respectively, in victims wearing body armour at the time of the firearm injury. |
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| Keywords: | Firearm injuries Wound ballistics Deformed projectile Body armour Simulation studies Spectroscopy |
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