Work-related internal migration and changes in mental and physical health: A longitudinal study using German data |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 4, DE-65185, Wiesbaden, Germany;2. Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Sociology, DE-06099, Halle, Saale, Germany;1. Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;2. Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;3. School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;4. Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;5. Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA;6. Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;1. Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan;2. Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan;3. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0012, Japan;4. Center for Preventive Medicine Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba-ken, 260-0856, Japan;5. Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-shi, Aichi-ken, 474-8511, Japan;1. Asian Demographic Research Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China;2. The Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy and Economics (CHOICE) Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA;3. School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, 310018, China;1. Center for Public Health Systems Science, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, MSC 1196-0251-46, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA;2. School of Public and International Affairs, The University of Georgia, 180 Baldwin Hall, Athens, GA, 30602, USA;3. Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7440, USA;4. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7295, USA;5. Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3300 Hillview Ave, Mail Code 5537, Palo Alto, CA, 94304-1334, USA;1. Department of Geography, McGill University, 705-805 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B9, Canada;2. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Health Sciences Building 155 College Street, 6th Floor Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada;3. Statistics Canada, Health Analysis Division, 100 Tunney''s Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0T6, Canada;4. Divisions of Internal Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Endocrinology and Metabolism, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, D02.3312, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada;5. Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen''s University, Carruthers Hall, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada;1. Institute of Health Equity and Social Justice Research, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA;2. Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA;3. Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA |
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| Abstract: | Work-related internal migration can be associated with various labor market benefits such as improved career opportunities. However, benefits can be offset by specific burdens (relocation stress) which, in turn, can lead to adverse health outcomes. These burdens include organizing the move, difficulties in maintaining social relationships, homesickness or feelings of displacement. However, there is a particular lack of longitudinal studies which deploy advanced methods to examine how internal migration affects shifts in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) over time. Also, there has been little research into whether the consequences of relocations differ by socio-economic position. In order to address these gaps, we apply fixed effects (FE) panel regression models to representative data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). We use the SF-12 Health Survey items to capture the subjective assessment of overall mental and physical well-being. Overall, we find an increase in physical HRQOL after the relocation event. Mental HRQOL tends to decrease before the event and then increases afterwards, on average, but there seems to be very little lasting change. Subgroup analyses, however, reveal differential trajectories by educational level, i.e. a clear educational health gradient around migration. While physical and mental HRQOL increases among movers with high educational attainment, individuals with lower levels of education show decreases in both health dimensions upon moving. |
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| Keywords: | Internal migration HRQOL SF-12 health survey Mental health Physical health Germany SOEP Fixed effects regression |
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