HIV感染者和AIDS病人抑郁现状及其影响因素

目的了解HIV感染者和AIDS病人（PLWHA）的抑郁现状，探讨其影响因素，为制定PLWHA综合关怀模式、改善PLWHA心理状况提供客观依据。方法采用Zung氏自评抑郁量表（SDS）和评价方法，在广州市番禺区艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊对144名PLWHA进行面对面问卷调查，采用SPSS软件进行统计学分析。结果AIDS病人SDS总分为（45．49±12．45），显著高于国内常模（P〈0．05）；SDS总分年龄〉50岁者高于≤50岁者，在本市居住的非本市户籍者中居住年限〈5年和〉8年者均高于5～8年者，CD4细胞计数≤200个／mm^3者高于〉200个／mm^3者．差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。抑郁发生率未婚单身者高于其他、无业者高于有工作者、在本市居住的非本市户籍者中居住年限〈5年和〉8年者均高于居住5-8年者、家庭经济状况一般及以下者高于好者，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Logistic回归分析结果表明，婚姻（OR=11．20，95％CI：2．197～57．088）、有无工作（OR=7．954，95％CI：1．251～50．582）、CD4细胞计数（OR=6．018，95％CI：1．620—22．355）均与抑郁呈正相关。结论PLWHA普遍存在抑郁。应在随访关怀过程中建立有效的综合支持体系，以提高PLWHA的生活质量，改善抑郁状况。

The study on depression and influencing factors among people living with HIV/AIDS

Objective To explore depression and its relevant factors in people living with HIV/AIDS, and provide the basis for the PLWHA caring countermeasures. Methods General condition questionnaire and Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） were used in the survey. One hundred and forty-four people living with HIV/AIDS were conducted face to face survey at HIV voluntary counseling testing clinics, Panyu district, Guangzhou City. One way analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used for the result by SPSS software. Results The SDS value （45.49~12.45） among AIDS patients were significantly higher than Chinese norm of SDS （41.88＋10.57, P〈0.05）. One way analysis results suggested that the SDS score of people 〉50 was higher than that of ~〈 50 ; people living in the city of non-residence living 〈5 years or 〉8 years scored higher that those living for 5 to 8 years; people with CD4 cell counts 〈200/mm3 scored higher that those with CD4 cell counts 〉200/mm3, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Depression rates of unmarried singles, unemployed, residing in this city of less than 5 and greater than 8 years, and those with average income were higher than the counter parts （P〈0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that marriage, work, family and CD4 cell count are associated with depression （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Most of people living with HIV/AIDS suffer from depression. PLWHA caring should be setup to improve the quality of life and improve the depression of people living with HIV/AIDS.