黄石市2012年手足口病的流行特征及病原学分析

目的了解黄石市2012年手足口病的流行病学特征及规律，为科学制定手足口病的防控策略提供依据。方法利用国家疾病监测信息管理系统获得2012年手足口病疫情资料．对2012年1—12月8957例手足口病病例资料进行统计分析。结果黄石地区手足口病的流行从3月份开始增多，4—5月份急剧上升至高峰，随后逐月下降，11-12月病例数又出现轻微的抬升。发病集中在4—6月份，发病病例占全年病例数的2／3。3岁以下发病人群中男女比例为1．91：1．男性显著性高于女性（X^2=4．29，P〈0．05），且70％以上为散居儿童。病原学分析显示，2012年以肠道病毒71型为主导。结论手足口病的发生有明显的季节、年龄、性别和职业差异，掌握手足口病的流行病学特征，将有助于更好地开展预防和控制工作。

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Huangshi during 2012

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and etiological features of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Huangshi during 2012. Methods A total of 8 957 cases were obtained from the National Disease Reporting Information System, and analyzed. Results The peak of HFMD incidence was between April and June, accounting for 77.74%. Of the reported cases, 87.25% were children less than 3 years old, and the scattered children. There was a significant predominance of HFMD in boys （X2=4.29,P〈O.05）. The major epidemic entemvirus was EV71 during 2012. Conclusion The incidence rates of HFMD varied in different seasons, age groups, gender and occupation. Understanding the epidemiological features of HFMD is essential in the disease prevention.