放线菌病九例临床分析

目的探讨放线菌病的临床特点,提高临床医师对该病的认识。方法回顾性分析北京协和医院1990年1月至2006年6月确诊的9例放线菌病病例。结果（1）9例患者中7例女性,2例男性;年龄30～50岁;病程2～36个月;（2）9例患者中面颈部病变3例,妇科病变2例,肺部及胸腔病变2例,乳腺、肠道病变各1例。其中3例患者有累及多器官的播散性病变;（3）9例中6例通过手术获得病理诊断,2例依靠痰涂片或硫磺颗粒诊断,1例由临床及理化诊断;（4）9例均使用抗生素治疗,8例好转,1例死亡。结论放线菌病临床少见,多表现为慢性脓肿,易误诊为恶性肿瘤,应引起临床医师的重视,早期诊断、及时治疗,可改善预后。

A clinical analysis of 9 cases of actinomycosis

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features of actinomycosis and to increase the understanding of it. METHODS: To review the clinical data of 9 cases of actinomycosis retrospectively in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1990 to June 2006. RESULTS: (1) Nine patients including 7 female and 2 male, with age ranging from 30 to 50 years (mean age 39.8 years) were studied and they suffered from the disease for a mean period of 13.1 months (2 - 36 months). (2) Three of the 9 patients had cervicofacial actinomycosis, 2 pelvic actinomycosis, 2 thoracic actinomycosis, 1 breast and 1 intestinal actinomycosis. In 3 cases the lesion spread to many other organs from the primary site. (3) The diagnosis was made with biopsy in 6 cases, sputum or sulphur granules in 2 and clinical as well as laboratory examination in one. (4) All the 9 patients accepted appropriate therapy of antibiotics and the treatment was effective in 8. The one failed to respond to antibiotics died. CONCLUSION: Actinomycosis is infrequent clinically. It usually presents as chronic abscess and may be misdiagnosed as malignant tumor. Clinical doctors should be vigilant of it, in order to diagnose and treat it in good season and to greatly improve the prognosis.