中国鼠疫耶尔森菌的分子生物学特征与遗传学意义

目的 根据中国鼠疫耶尔森菌(鼠疫菌)的分子生物学特征分析其遗传背景。方法利用实验研究中rRNA基因指纹图(ribotyping)、脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)、随机扩增DNA多态性(RAPD)及插入序列(IS)等方面工作的原始数据,通过聚类分析等统计学手段,探究中国鼠疫菌株间的遗传学距离,分析各种方法作为鼠疫菌分子识别特征的意义。结果 rRNA基因指纹图型与脉冲场电泳型之间是相对应的,但同属于7拷贝rRNA基因的田鼠菌株与西藏仲巴菌株,其间的遗传学距离,却较6拷贝rRNA基因的菌株还远。而随机扩增型与rRNA基因型之间对应关系较不明确,有较多的例外情况。用相似值可以表示这些菌株之间的遗传距离。结论 中国的鼠疫菌具有多种独特的分子生物学特征,其中新疆灰旱獭疫源地和西藏南部冈底斯山地理环境复杂,有较多的自然屏障,使鼠疫菌在流行过程中,限于局部地区,各自独立进化,产生了相互混合存在的多种基因类型。

Molecular biological characteristics and genetic significance of Yersinia pestis in China

Objective To understand the molecular biological charcteristies in order to analyse thegenetic background of Yersinia pestis in China. Methods Primary datum on ribotyping, pulsed field geneelectropheresis(PFGE), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and insertion sepuence (IS) ofYersinia pestis were used and under cluster analysis. Genetic interval and various methods of recognizedmolecular feature between different strains were evaluated. Results Ribotypes the PFGE types seemed tobe corresponding. Stains from Microtus fuscus and area in Tibet Zhongba belonged to 7 copy rRNA geneand the genetic interval were the far more with 6 copy rRNA gene stains, and not definite with RAPD, butwith many exceptions. The genetic interval between strains were showed by resemble value. ConclusionYersinia pestis in China had its own manifold, particular molecular biological characteristics due to naturalbarriers, geogrphical complex, circumstances in Tianshan Mountains and Gandise Mountains areas.Yersinia pestis were limited to separateness, evoluted only in certain areas to form a great many gene types.