核心稳定性训练的理论基础与发展近况

背景：核心训练的应用在国内外逐渐得到普遍的认可，对于核心肌肉的界定和划分，以及每一块核心肌肉内部的区别和肌肉募集的方式，是现阶段核心训练研究的重要部分。目的：从理论基础、训练方法的发展和衍生、训练效果评价等方面，阐述了核心稳定性训练的理论基础与研究发展近况。方法：以“core exercise,core training,core strength”及“核心训练”为关键词搜索Pubmed、Science direct和中国知网等1979至2013年相关文献，并通过摘要进行文献筛选。结果与结论：Panjabi首先提出通过神经控制脊柱亚系统监控来自机体感受器的不同信号，指导主动亚系统为脊柱提供所需的稳定。中立区被作为反应脊柱稳定功能的重要临床指标，脊柱损伤和肌肉弱化则会导致脊柱不稳定性甚至脊柱周围疼痛和下腰痛症状。核心训练干预方式包括瑞士球、平板支撑、悬吊训练等不同方法。目前核心训练的研究普遍还集中于机制方面，核心稳定性训练的定义不应局限为躯干稳定性训练，而应细化至各个关节的稳定性训练中。

Theoretical foundation and development of core stability training

BACKGROUND：Core training has been gradual y accepted worldwide.“Core”is only a generalized perception, and how to define the muscles, the difference among the muscles and the mode of the muscle recruitment consist of the important part of research work on core training.OBJECTIVE：From the aspects of theoretical basis, the development of training methods and measurement of training effectiveness, to elaborate the method issues and new insights on core stability training.METHODS：PubMed, ScienceDirect and CNKI databases were searched by the keywords of“core training, core exercise, core strength”in the titles and abstract to retrieve relevant articles published from 1979 to 2013.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The neural subsystem was first reported by Panjabi to monitor the various signals from the transducers and direct the active subsystem to provide the needed stability. Neutral zone is regarded as an important clinical indicator relevant to spinal stability. Spinal injury and muscle weakening can result in spinal instability and even low back pain and peripheral pain. Core trainings include Swiss bal , plank exercise, sling exercise and so on. Up to now, research on core training is focusing on its mechanism. Core stability training is not only defined as torso stability training, but also refined to the stability training of each joint.