大块血管化组织工程骨修复的骨缺损

背景：目前在构建较大体积组织工程骨方面还存在比较多的问题，其中最主要的就是缺血坏死。血管化的构建是保证大块组织工程骨生物学功能的关键因素。 目的：制备大块血管化组织工程骨，行原位移植修复兔股骨干大面积缺损，探讨组织再生方式及特点。 方法：建立仿兔股骨干结构支架材料内血管化预构模型，基于预构血管化支架，再构建大块血管化组织工程骨。18只8周龄新西兰大白兔分成实验组和对照组，实验组用大块血管化组织工程骨进行体内原位移植；对照组体内原位移植大块组织工程骨，未进行血管化处理。造模后2，4，8周通过大体观察、X射线片以及组织切片观察比较2组大块骨缺损的修复情况。 结果与结论：大体观察及影像学观察结果均显示，造模后2，4，8周实验组的成骨情况均优于对照组。实验组兔造模后2，4，8周的新生骨组织占总移植骨面积比均显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）。提示修复大面积的骨缺损，采用大块血管化组织工程骨比单纯采用组织工程骨的效果更好。

Large vascularized tissue-engineered bone for repair of bone defects

BACKGROUND：Currently, there are many problems existing in the construction of large tissue-engineered bone, and the most important is ischemic necrosis. Vascularization is critical for the biological function of large tissue-engineered bone. OBJECTIVE：To prepare large pieces of vascularized tissue-engineered bone for orthotopic transplantation in repairing large femoral defects of rabbits, and to explore tissue regeneration methods and characteristics. METHODS：Rabbit femoral structure was firstly imitated to construct a vascularized prefabricated model, based on which, we constructed large pieces of vascularized tissue-engineered bone. A total of 18 New Zealand white rabbit 18, aged 8 weeks, were divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group was subject to orthotopic transplantation of large vascularized tissue-engineered bone, while the control group was treated with orthotopic transplantation of large tissue-engineered bone without vascularization processing. After 2, 4, 8 weeks, gross observation, X-ray films, and tissue section were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Gross observation and imaging observation showed that the osteogenesis in the experimental group at 2, 4, 8 weeks were better than that in the control group. The ratio of new bone tissue to total area of bone graft was significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group at 2, 4, 8 weeks postoperatively （P〈0.01）. These findings indicate that large vascularized tissue-engineered bone is preferred to the repair of large bone defects.